Q5: Anatomy of Knee Flashcards

1
Q

ginglymus (hinge joint) allowing flexion & extension (slight medial & lateral rotation)

A

Knee

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2
Q

weak in bony arrangement but this is compensated for through the support of ligaments & musculature

A

Knee

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3
Q

designed primarily to provide stability in weight bearing & mobility in locomotion

A

Knee

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4
Q

Bones in the anatomy of the knee

A

distal end of femur
tibia
patella

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5
Q

articulates the tibia & patella; has 2 condyles, lateral & medial (larger from front to back) which form a hollowed area to receive the patella

A

distal end of femur

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6
Q

consists of 2 tuberosities designed to receive the condyles of the femur; tuberosities divided posteriorly by a groove called the popliteal notch

A

tibia

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7
Q

largest sesamoid bone in the body & lies within the tendon of the quadriceps muscle; gives anterior protection to the knee joint & increased leverage to the knee of extension

A

patella

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8
Q

3 articulations

A

between the 2 femoral condyles & menisci
between the tibia & menisci
between the patella & femur

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9
Q

5 functions of the Menisci

A
  1. deepen articular surface for femur
  2. absorb shock
  3. provide stability to joint
  4. tighten cruciate ligaments & restrict ROM
  5. lubricate joint slightly
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10
Q

C-Shaped Meniscus

A

Medial meniscus

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11
Q

O-Shaped Meniscus

A

Lateral meniscus

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12
Q

lines all of the articular surfaces & is internal to the cruciate ligaments

A

synovial membrane

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13
Q

protective synovia-filled sacs in tissue sites that otherwise would become irritated because of friction

A

bursae

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14
Q

How many bursae are in the knee

A

11

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15
Q

attaches below and in front of the tibia on medial side proceeding backwards to the inner surface of the lateral condyle; prevents anterior displacement of the tibia in relationship to the femur; also stabilizes the tibia against abnormal internal & external rotation

A

Anterior Cruciate ligament (ACL)

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16
Q

attaches from the back of the tibia on the lateral side and goes in an upward, forward, and medial direction and attaches to the anterior portion of the lateral surface of the medial condyle of the femur; prevents posterior displacement of the tibia in relationship to the femur; stronger of the two ligaments and primary stabilizer of the knee

A

Posterior Cruciate liagment (PCL)

17
Q

tighest when your knee is bent 90 degrees
= car accidents

A

Posterior Cruciate ligament (PCL)

18
Q

distal end of femur to proximal end of tibia; major purpose is to prevent the knee from valgus and external rotating forces

A

Medial Collateral ligament (MCL)

19
Q

almost part of the joint capsule : debate ; much larger 2/3rd below joint line

A

Medial Collateral Ligament (MCL)

20
Q

distal end of the femur to the proximal end of the fibula (may also touch the tibia as well); main purpose is to prevent the knee from varus

A

Lateral Collateral ligament (LCL)

21
Q

Hamstrings muscles

A

Semimembranosus
semitendinosus
biceps femoris

22
Q

Hamstrings Action

A

Flexion

23
Q

Gracilis action

A

Flexion

24
Q

longest muscle

A

sartorius

25
Q

sartorius action

A

flexion

26
Q

Gastrocnemius action

A

flexion

27
Q

popliteal action

A

flexion

28
Q

plantaris action

A

flexion

29
Q

Quadriceps muscles

A

Vastus medialis
Vastus lateralis
Vastus intermedius
rectus femoris

30
Q

Quadriceps Action

A

Extension

31
Q

common insertion of the
sartorius
gracilis
semitendinosus on the tibia (medial side)

(from distal to proximal)

A

pes anserine