spine and abdomen Flashcards
SPINE + ABDOMEN
regions of the spine and how many vertebrae in each
Cervical 7
Thoracic 12
Lumbar 5
Sacrum. 1
Coccyx 1
SPINE + ABDOMEN
what type of joint is the intervertebral joint in the spine
symphysis - one bone meets another
SPINE + ABDOMEN
name the 4 key joints in spine
ATLANTO-OCCIPITAL
ATLANTOAXIAL
INTEVERTEBRAL
LUMBOSACRAL
SPINE + ABDOMEN
where is the Atlanta-occipital joint
between atlas + occipital condyles of skull
SPINE + ABDOMEN
where is the atlantoaxial joint
between 1st cervical (atlas)
and
2nd cervical (axis)
SPINE + ABDOMEN
where is the intervertebral joints
joints in vertebrae
fibrocartilage pads
SPINE + ABDOMEN
where is the lumbosacral joint
between lumbar + sacrum
SPINE + ABDOMEN
facet joint
gliding joint
rib + thoracic vertebrae, allows rib to move up and down
SPINE + ABDOMEN
VERTEBRAE
1) where is the pressure disbursed?
2) what is the vertebrae foramen?
3) name the 2 processes that come off?
1) vertebrae body
2) space for spinal chord
3) spinous
transverse
SPINE + ABDOMEN
where is the intervertebral foramen?
back of vertebrae
articulating processes come down and overlap
SPINE + ABDOMEN
describe ideal posture from side on view (saggital)
ear
shoulder
(hip) greater trochanter (top of femur)
knee ankle
SPINE + ABDOMEN
describe ideal posture from frontal view
neutral head
level shoulders
level pelvis
neutral knee position
feet not pronated/supinated
SPINE + ABDOMEN
posture:
arch in back, head forward
thoracic flexion
kyphosis
short tight neck extensors
weak long neck flexors
SPINE + ABDOMEN
posture:
anterior tilt of pelvis
‘bend belly forward’
why does this happen?
lordosis
weak abs so can’t hold
tight quadriceps , rectus femoris pull on pelvis
SPINE + ABDOMEN
posture: S shaped curvature
scoliosis
uneven shoulders
SPINE + ABDOMEN
3 movements in lumbar spine
lumbar flexion = sit up
lumbar extension = lay on front, contract lift chest up
lumbar rotation = sit and rotate upper body
lateral flexion = (no lateral extension) left or right
SPINE + ABDOMEN
what pelvis action does:
LUMBAR FLEXION
cause
anterior pelvic rotation
SPINE + ABDOMEN
what pelvis action does:
LUMBAR EXTENSION
cause
posterior pelvic rotation
SPINE + ABDOMEN
what spine action does:
ANTERIOR PELVIC ROTATION
cause
lumbar extension
SPINE + ABDOMEN
what spine action does:
POSTERIOR PELVIC ROTATION
cause
lumbar flexion
SPINE + ABDOMEN
what are the main agonists?
RECTUS ABDOMINIS
SPINE + ABDOMEN
rectus abdominis O + I
O: pubis crest
I: 5,6,7 rib cartilage , xiphoid process
SPINE + ABDOMEN
what movements do RECTUS ABDOMINIS cause
1)both sides
2) left side
3) right side
1) lumbar flexion
2) lateral flexion to left
3) lateral flexion to right
SPINE + ABDOMEN
what is the fibrous line between 2 sides of rectus abdomens
linea alba
SPINE + ABDOMEN
what gives the 6 pack look?
what does it do?
tendinous inscription
more control over lumbar flexion
SPINE + ABDOMEN
what movement do EXTERNAL OBLIQUES create
lumbar rotation to opposite side
lateral flexion to same side
SPINE + ABDOMEN
what movement do INTERNAL OBLIQUES create
lumbar rotation to same side
lateral flexion to same side
SPINE + ABDOMEN
external obliques
O + I
O = border of 8th rib
I = anterior part of ilium crest
SPINE + ABDOMEN
internal obliques
O + I
O = inguinal ligament, 2/3 iliac crest
I = costal cartilage, 8 9 10 ribs
SPINE + ABDOMEN
transverse abdominus
role
maintain stable, balanced abdomen
CORE STABILITY
SPINE + ABDOMEN
role of erector spinae
neck and head extension
upright position
SPINE + ABDOMEN
what back muscle originates: posterior inner lip iliac crest
inserts: 12th rib L1-4
quadrates lumborum
SPINE + ABDOMEN
what movement does quadrates lumborum cause
contracting = lateral flexion
extension of lumbar spine region
deep posture, stability
SPINE + ABDOMEN
define core stability
ability of muscles in abdomen to maintain stable balanced pelvis + abdomen
SPINE + ABDOMEN
what does IAP stand for
intra abdominal pressure
SPINE + ABDOMEN
risk factors of lower back pain (3)
poor posture
muscle imbalance
poor core stability
