motivation Flashcards
MOTIVATION
define motivation
direction + intensity of ones effort (Sage 1977)
MOTIVATION
TRAIT approach to motivation (4)
- personality
- needs
- interests
- goals
MOTIVATION
STATE approach to motivation (3)
- coaching style
- environment
- win-loss ratio
MOTIVATION
what theory is associated with:
does it matter if we have a choice?
Self Determination Theory (Deci + Ryan 1985, 2000)
MOTIVATION - SELF DETERMINATION THEORY
what does this theory focus on
extent that behaviours are performed voluntarily
WHAT motivates people
MOTIVATION - SELF DETERMINATION THEORY
describe 3 basic psychological needs
AUTONOMY : people feel in control of own behaviours
COMPETENCE : people need to master skills + learn new skills
RELATEDNESS : people need sense of belonging, meaningful attatchment
MOTIVATION - SELF DETERMINATION THEORY
6 flavours of motivation
no motivation
punishment/reward
guilt/pride
value
indetified
interest / enjoyment
MOTIVATION - SELF DETERMINATION THEORY perceived locus of causality scale
name the 6 ‘levels’ from high self determination to low
1) Intrinsic motivation
2) Integrated regulation - satisfy psychological needs
3) Identified regulation - learn new skills
4) introjected regulation - avoid disapproval , get approval
5) external regulation - reward/avoid punishment
6) a motivation - lack of intention
MOTIVATION
what theory is:
does it matter if we hold different views of success?
Achievement goal theory (Nicholls, 1989)
who YOU are
MOTIVATION - ACHIEVEMENT GOAL THEORY
what are the 2 orientations?
TASK - MASTERY:
pride in knowledge + ability improvement
EGO: social comparison , superiority over others
MOTIVATION - ACHIEVEMENT GOAL THEORY
describe 3 individual differences in achievement goals
goal orientations = independent (orthogonal)
socialisation of task / ego involvement
adoption of task + ego goals for specific activity
MOTIVATION - ACHIEVEMENT GOAL THEORY
2 elements of motivational climate (Ames, 1992)
MASTERY , task involving
climate focused on individual improvement
PERFORMANCE, ego involving
climate, outperform others
MOTIVATION - ACHIEVEMENT GOAL THEORY
6 achievement structures (Epstein 1989)
hint : TARGET
Tasks - no variety/challenge
Authority - student don’t make decision
Recognition - social comparison
Grouping - ability
Evaluation - win/ outperform others
Time - allocated time for learning
MOTIVATION
what theory is:
does it matter how we attribute success/ failure
Attribution theory (Weiner 1985, 1986)
MOTIVATION - ATTRIBUTION THEORY
4 attributions
ability
effort
task difficulty
luck
MOTIVATION- ATTRIBUTION THEORY
2 dimensions
locus of causality
- internal factors (ability/effort)
- external factors (task difficulty/luck)
stability
- stable (ability/task difficulty)
- unstable (effort/luck)
MOTIVATION- ATTRIBUTION THEORY
what do high achievers attribute success and failure to?
SUCCESS - internal factors
FAILURE - external factors
MOTIVATION
what do low achievers attribute success/failure to?
SUCCESS - external factors
FAILURE - internal factors
