Spine

Question 1

Asia (American Spinal Injury Association) Impairment Scale : A

Answer 1

Complete injury

Tidak Ada Fungsi motorik Dan sensoris terpelihara

Question 2

Asia Impairment Scale : B

Answer 2

Sensory incomplete

• sensorik terpelihara
• motorik terganggu dibawah level trauma, termasuk segment sacral

Question 3

Asia Impairment Scale C

Answer 3

Motor incomplete

Motorik terpelihara, dengan kekuatan otot kurang Dari 3

Question 4

Asia Impairment Scale D

Answer 4

Motor incomplete

Motorik terpelihara, dengan Kekuatan motorik > 3

Question 5

Asia Impairment Scale E

Answer 5

Normal

Tidak Ada defisit motorik Dan sensorik

Question 6

Glasgow Outcome Score

Answer 6

Skala penilaian pada trauma otak.
Dibagi menjadi 5
1 : mati
2 : Persistent Vegetative state
3 : disabilities berat. Perlu bantuan hidup sehari Hari permanent
4 : disabilities moderat : dapat bekerja, tapi perlu alat bantu
5 : disabilities ringan

Question 7

Brown-Séquard (hemisection) syndrome

Answer 7

Brown-Séquard (hemisection) syndrome, with ipsilateral loss of
motor function and sensation to vibration and proprioception
below the level of the lesion, and contralateral loss of sensation to
pain and temperature. This happens because the lesion affects the
spinothalamic tract after its decussation, and the corticospinal
tracts and dorsal columns before the decussation

Question 8

anterior spinal artery syndrome

Answer 8

anterior spinal artery syndrome : paraplegia (keterlibatan tractus corticospinal), dgn sensory deficit pain and temperature ( lateral spinothalamic tracts) dengan sparing dorsal columns .
there is preservation of vibratory sense and
proprioception.

Question 9

spinal cord’s blood supply

Answer 9

Terdiri atas 
	• satu anterior spinal artery : 
	supply 2/3 anterior spinal cord
	• Dua posterior spinal arteries.
 supply 1/3 posterior

Question 10

lateral spinothalamic tract membawa

Answer 10

lateral spinothalamic tract membawa Sensation of pain, temperature, and crude touch

Question 11

Columna dorsalis membawa informasi

Answer 11

dorsal columns of the spinal cord are formed by the fasciculi
of gracilis and cuneatus, both carrying information related to
vibration and proprioception. These fasciculi ascend ipsilaterally to
the nucleus gracilis and cuneatus in the dorsal medulla. Fibers from
these nuclei form the medial lemniscus which decussates in the brainstem and ascend to the thalamus

Question 12

Adam kiewick

Answer 12

artery of Adamkiewicz is a large radicular artery that arises
between T8 and L3, and supplies the lower thoracic and upper
lumbar regions

Question 13

Conus medullaris syndrome

Answer 13

conus medullaris will present
with sensory deficits in a saddle distribution, which is usually
bilateral and symmetric. Pain is often symmetric, but is not
typically radicular. There is usually lower extremity symmetric
weakness and sometimes decreased or absent ankle reflexes, but
this may be mild. Bowel and bladder dysfunction occur early in the
course of the disease, as well as sexual dysfunction

Question 14

Cauda equina syndrome

Answer 14

A lesion that affects the cauda equina presents with distinctive
radicular pain with an asymmetric distribution. Motor deficits are
also asymmetric with evidence of hyporeflexia. Bowel and bladder
function may be affected but usually this occurs later in the course
and less frequently than with conus lesions. Spasticity and other
upper motor neuron signs will not be present as this is a lower
motor neuron disorder.