Spinal Cord and Root Dysfunction Flashcards
How does spinal cord and root dysfunction present?
- Pain.
- Sensory disturbance.
- Weakness.
- Sphincter dysfunction.
- Sexual dysfunction.
How does spinal cord and root dysfunction at a cervical level present?
- Arm involvement.
- UMN features if central.
How does spinal cord and root dysfunction at a thoracic level present?
- No/ minimal arm involvement.
- UMN features if central.
How does spinal cord and root dysfunction at a lumbar level present?
- Only leg involvement.
- No UMN features.
In UMN pathology, what happens to tone?
Tone is increased.
In LMN pathology, what happens to tone?
Tone is decreased.
Does atrophy occur in UMN or LMN pathology?
- UMN: no atrophy/late.
- LMN: atrophy present.
Do fasciculations occur in UMN or LMN pathology?
LMN pathology.
Describe reflexes indicative of UMN pathology.
Brisk reflexes in UMN pathology.
Describe reflexes indicative of LMN pathology.
Decreased/absent reflexes in LMN pathology.
Describe plantars action indicative of UMN pathology.
Upgoing plantars.
Describe plantars action indicative of LMN pathology.
Downgoing plantars.
Clonus is indicative of which MN pathology, upper or lower?
Clonus indicates UMN pathology.
Describe examination findings indicative of a cervical disc prolapse.
- Arm pain.
- Dermatomes affected.
- Myotomes affected.
- LMN pathology.
Describe examination findings indicative of a thoracic disc prolapse.
Rare.
- Thoracic pain.
- Dermatomes dermatomes affected.
- Usually central causing myelopathy.