Peripheral Nervous System Flashcards
What are the basic units of the Nervous System?
Neurones
What produces the myelin sheath in the PNS?
Schwann cells.
(Oligodendrocytes in the CNS).
Describe a multipolar neuron.
- 2 or more dendrites.
- Majority of CNS neurones.
- All the motor neurons of skeletal muscle and ANS.
- Cell body found in the CNS.
Describe a unipolar neuron.
- Double process.
- Cell body found in the PNS.
- AKA sensory / pseudounipolar.
Another way to describe an Efferent neuron?
Motor neuron.
The impulse of an efferent neuron moves towards?
The body wall, body cavity or organ.
The impulse of an afferent neuron moves towards?
The brain.
Another way to describe an Afferent neuron?
Sensory neuron.
What is a nerve?
Collection of axons surrounded by connective tissue and blood vessels.
Most nerves exist in which modality?
Mixed i.e. somatic motor, somatic sensory and sympathetic.
How many pairs of spinal nerves are there?
31 pairs.
Where are spinal nerves found?
The intervertebral foramina.
Spinal nerves connect structures of the soma via what?
Rami
Spinal nerves connect via rami to what?
Structures of the soma.
Spinal nerves connect with the spinal cord segment of the same number via what?
Roots and rootlets.
Spinal nerves connect via roots and rootlets to what?
The spinal cord segment of the same number.
Describe the posterior rami of spinal nerves.
Small and innervate the posterior body wall.
Describe the anterior rami of spinal nerves.
Large and innervate the anterolateral body wall.
Describe the transmission of sensory axons in relation to the spinal nerves.
ALL sensory axons pass from spinal nerve > posterior root > posterior rootlets > posterior horn of spinal cord.
Where are the cell bodies of primary afferent neurones located?
Dorsal root ganglion.
Describe the transmission of motor axons in relation to the spinal nerves.
ALL motor axons pass from anterior horn of spinal cord > anterior rootlets > anterior root > spinal nerve.
How does segmental innervation of the body wall arise?
Each spinal nerve supplies innervation to a unilateral area of the body.
Each spinal nerve pair supplies all structures in a segment of the body with what?
- General sensory supply to all structures.
Each spinal nerve pair supplies skeletal muscles in a body segment with what?
- Somatic motor supply to skeletal muscles.
Each spinal nerve pair supplies the skin and smooth muscles of arterioles in a body segment with what?
- Sympathetic nerve supply to skin and smooth muscle of arterioles.