Formative Flashcards

1
Q

Spinal tracts are broadly divided into which two categories?

A
  • Ascending.

- Descending.

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2
Q

Descending spinal tracts are divided into which two categories?

A
  • Extrapyramidal.

- Pyramidal.

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3
Q

Pyramidal tracts are divided into which two categories?

A
  • Corticospinal.

- Corticobulbar.

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4
Q

Origin of the corticospinal tract?

A

Primary motor cortex in precentral gyrus.

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5
Q

Corticospinal tract made up of which two parts?

A
  • Lateral corticospinal.

- Anterior corticospinal.

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6
Q

Describe decussation of lateral corticospinal tract.

A

Pyramidal decussation.

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7
Q

Describe decussation of anterior corticospinal tract.

A

Segmental decussation.

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8
Q

Function of lateral corticospinal tract?

A
  • Voluntary motor control of limbs and digits.
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9
Q

Function of anterior corticospinal tract?

A
  • Voluntary motor control of trunk and maintenance of posture.
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10
Q

Origin of corticobulbar tracts?

A

Primary motor cortex of precentral gyrus.

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11
Q

Function of corticobulbar tracts?

A
  • Control of muscles of face, head and neck (contains UMNs of CNs).
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12
Q

Corticobulbar tracts are responsible for bilateral innervation to CN nuclei, with the exception of?

A
  • CN XII (hypoglossal).

- Lower part of CN VII (facial).

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13
Q

A peripheral lesion of CN VII will cause what condition with what signs?

A

Bell’s palsy.

  • NO forehead sparing.
  • > Forehead and lip droop.
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14
Q

A central lesion of CN VII will cause what signs, and may be caused by what condition?

A

Stroke.

  • Forehead sparing.
  • > Lip droop.
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15
Q

What are the two categories of extrapyramidal tracts?

A
  • Rubrospinal tract.

- Reticulospinal tract.

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16
Q

Describe the origin of the rubrospinal tract.

A

Originates from the red nucleus in the midbrain.

17
Q

Function of the rubrospinal tract.

A

In the upper body:

  • Excites flexor muscles.
  • Inhibits extensor muscles.
18
Q

Describe the origin of the reticulospinal tract.

A

Originates in the pons/medulla.

19
Q

Function of the reticulospinal tract?

A
  • Excite extensors.
20
Q

Describe decorticate rigidity.

A
  • Flexed wrists and fingers.
  • Adducted shoulders.
  • Flexed elbows.
  • Internally rotated thighs.
  • Plantar flexion.
21
Q

Describe decerebrate rigidity.

A
  • Adducted shoulders.
  • Extended elbows.
  • Pronated forearms.
  • Flexed wrists and fingers.
  • Plantar flexion.
22
Q

Ascending spinal tracts are divided into which two tracts?

A
  • DCML pathway.

- Spinothalamic tract.