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Z Old Anatomy > spinal cord > Flashcards

spinal cord Flashcards

1
Q
A
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2
Q

Functions of the Spinal Cord

A
  • sensory and motor innervation via spinal nerves
  • two-way conduction path between body & brain
  • center for reflexes
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3
Q

The spinal cord begins at _______ and ends at _______.

A

(begins at) foramen magnum; (ends at) L1/L2 vertebrae

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4
Q

The spinal cord is superiorly contiguous with _______.

A

the medulla oblongata of the brainstem

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5
Q

Spinal cord protection

A
  • vertebrae
  • meninges
  • CSF
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6
Q

The spinal cord passes through the _________ of the vertebrae.

A

vertebral foramina

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7
Q

of paired spinal nerves

A

31

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8
Q

Divisions of spinal cord

A

Cervical, Thoracic, Lumbar - same as vertebrae

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9
Q

region at end of spinal cord

A

conus medullaris

  • cone-shaped inferior end of spinal cord at L1/L2
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10
Q

root-like area toward bottom of image

A

cauda equina

  • collection of nerve roots at inferior end of vertebral column
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11
Q

starred area

A

filum terminale

  • long extension from pia mater of spinal cord
  • CT connecting spinal cord to coccyx for longitudinal support
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12
Q
A

cervical enlargement (of SC)

  • thicker area of SC from which upper limb nerves arise
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13
Q
A

lumbar enlargement

  • thicker area of SC from which lower limb nerves arise
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14
Q

part D

A

shallow, narrow sulcus on posterior side of spinal cord

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15
Q

part Q

A

anterior median fissure

  • deeper/wider than PM Sulcus
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16
Q

part R

A

central canal

  • filled with CSF and continuous with brain ventricles
17
Q

part N

A

anterior (ventral) horns

  • contain somatic motor nuclei, providing nerve impulse to skeletal muscle
18
Q

part J (two of them)

A

lateral horns

  • contain autonomic motor nuclei for smooth/cardiac muscle and gland innervation
19
Q

part I

A

posterior horn

  • somatic and autonomic sensory nuclei
  • closest gray matter to periphery of spinal cord
  • contains interneurons
20
Q

part S

A

posterior funiculi

  • white matter, axon bundles at dorsal side of SC
21
Q

part O

A

anterior funiculi

  • bundles of myelinated axons (white matter) at ventral side of SC
22
Q

part G

A

lateral funiculi

23
Q

part P

A

gray commissure

  • thin strip of gray matter that surrounds central canal
  • unmyelinated axons for communication between two sides of SC
24
Q

number 5

A

white commissure

  • bundle of myelinated axons that cross the midline of the white matter of the spinal cord
25
Q
A

epidural space

  • space outside of dura mater of spinal cord
  • filled with adipose tissue and blood vessels
26
Q
A

dura mater

  • outermoust meningeal layer surrounding spinal cord
  • unlike cranial dura mater, spinal dura mater has no periosteal layer
27
Q

part A

A

arachnoid mater

  • similar in structure to arachnoid mater of brain
28
Q

part F

A

subarachnoid space

  • also similar to S.A. space within skull
29
Q

part C

A

pia mater

  • thin layer on surface of SC
30
Q

part 2

A

dorsal root

  • AKA posterior root
  • sensory (afferent) axons only
31
Q

part 1

A

dorsal root ganglia

  • ganglia just lateral to the dorsal roots of spinal nerves
  • contain cell bodies of sensory neurons
  • good landmark to identify orientation of a diagram of spinal nerves and the direction of nerve impulse travel
32
Q

part 7

A

ventral root

  • AKA anterior root
  • motor axons only, leading to muscles/glands
  • axons come from cell bodies in anterior/lateral horns of spinal cord gray matter
33
Q

reddened area where dorsal and ventral roots come together

A

spinal nerve

  • union of dorsal and ventral roots within the intervertebral foramen
  • contain both efferent and afferent nerve fibers
34
Q

part H

A

dorsal ramus

AKA posterior ramus

  • smaller branch of spinal nerve lateral to its roots and their union within the intervertebral foramen
  • innervates muscles and skin of back
35
Q

part I

A

ventral ramus

(AKA anterior ramus)

  • larger branch of spinal nerve lateral to its roots
  • innervate anterior and lateral trunk and limbs
  • many anterior rami form nerve plexuses elswhere
36
Q

part 5

A

rami communicantes

  • additional rami which communicate with autonomic nervous system

Z Old Anatomy (21 decks)

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