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Neuro > Spinal Cord > Flashcards

Spinal Cord Flashcards

1
Q

Gracile Fasciculus

A

-main touch pathway
-fine touch, vibrations, conscious proprioception
-lower body to brain stem

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2
Q

Grey Matter

A

-unmyelinated neurons
-motor and sensory
-control movement

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3
Q

White Matter

A

-myelinated neurons
-tracts up and down SC

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4
Q

Cuneate Fasciculus

A

-only in cervical
-vibration and conscious perception and fine touch sensations from upper body

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5
Q

Gracile Nucleus

A

-dorsal column nuclei in medulla
-fine touch sensation and proprioception of lower body

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6
Q

Cuneate Nucleus

A

-info from upper body
-nucleus of dorsal column in medulla

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7
Q

Inferior Olivary Nucleus

A

-coordinate signals from SC to cerebellum to regulate coordination

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8
Q

Middle Cerebellar Peduncle

A

-connects cerebellum to pons
-largest afferent system in cerebellum

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9
Q

Periaqueductal Grey Matter

A

-modulation and propagation of pain

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10
Q

Spinal Cord I Zone

A

-dorsal horn
-marginal zone
-noxious stimuli

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11
Q

Spinal Cord II Zone

A

-Dorsal horn
-Substantia gelatinosa

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12
Q

Spinal Cord III Zone

A

-dorsal horn
-Nucleus proprius
-Proprioception

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13
Q

Spinal Cord IV Zone

A

-dorsal horn
-Nucleus proprius

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14
Q

Spinal Cord V Zone

A

-Dorsal horn

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15
Q

Spinal Cord VI Zone

A

-dorsal horn

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16
Q

Spinal Cord VII Zone

A

-intermediate zone
-Clark’s nucleus

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17
Q

Spinal Cord VIII Zone

A

-ventral horn
-commissural nucleus

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18
Q

Spinal Cord IX Zone

A

-ventral horn
-motor nuclei

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19
Q

Spinal Cord X Zone

A

-grey matter
-Grisea centralis

20
Q

Spinal Levels Traveling Caudally

A

-L2-S5

21
Q

Medial Dorsal Rootlets

A

-Ia and AB for fine touch and proprioception (DCML)

22
Q

Lateral Dorsal Rootlets

A

-AGamma and c fibers for pain and temp (spinothalamic)

23
Q

Clark’s Nucleus

A
  • T1-L3
    -proprioceptive info to cerebellum
24
Q

Substantia Gelatinosa

A

-glial and small nerve cells
-spinothalamic

25
Q

Lateral Horn

A

-T1-L2
-cell bodies of pregangilonic SNS neurons

26
Q

Preganglionic PNS Cell Bodies

A

-S2-S4

27
Q

Epidural Space

A

-L3-L4

28
Q

Order of Spinal Arteries

A

-Anterior Spinal Artery
-medullary a
-Segmental A.

29
Q

Mmt of SC

A

-stretches 10% with flexion
-none for Cauda

30
Q

Jendrassik’s Maneuver

A

-changes descending input to alter motor function

31
Q

Central Pattern Generators

A

-Rhythmic activity patters generated by central circuits without external cues
-locomotion, swimming, breathing, swallowing, urinating

32
Q

Stepping Pattern Generators

A

-type of CPG for walking without cortical output
-flexor-extensor activation using proprioceptive information
-has to be activated

33
Q

Withdrawal Reflex

A

-remove noxious input by activating remaining LE to prevent falling
-crossed extension reflex

34
Q

Reciprocal Inhibition

A

-inhibits activated of antagonist while turning on agonist
-allows unopposed muscle activity
-allow cocontraction

35
Q

Recurrent Inhibition

A

-inhibit agonist and synergist muscles to turn on antagonist
-Renshaw cells activated by reccurent collateral branch of alpha motor neuron

36
Q

SC Control of Bladder and Bowel

A

-afferent into needed
-T11-L2 and S2-S4

Frontal Cortex: tells pons to empty OR corticospinal tract to contract PF muscles

Pons: Sends signals to sacral cord center to contract bladder

Sacral Cord: signals parasympathetic neurons to contract bladder and relax sphincters

37
Q

SC Control of Sexual Function

A

Psychogenic processes: L1-L2
Reflexogenic Processes: S2-S4
Pudenal: L1-L2 and S2:S4 for orgasm

Injuries
-Above T12: loss of erection and genital sensation
-L2-S2 intact circuits: normal function, no sensation
-S2-S4 circuit lesion: nothing

38
Q

Vertical Tract Impairments

A

-ipsi/contra deficits below lesion

39
Q

Anterior Cord Syndrome

A

-A. Spinal Artery issue

-Paralysis, analgesia, loss of discriminative sensation, loss of temp below lesion

-Keep proprioception and light touch (DCML)

40
Q

Central Cord Syndrome

A

-trauma induced

Small Lesion: pain and nociception impaired at level of lesion

Large Lesion: pain and nociception impaired at level of lesion AND UE motor issues

41
Q

Brown-Sequard (Hemicord) Syndrome

A

Ipsilateral segment:
-paralysis and analgesia of everything

Ipsilateral Below:
-Paralysis and loss of proprioception and light touch

Contralateral Below:
-nociceptive and temp impaired

42
Q

Cauda Equina Syndrome

A

-sensation impaired, pain, LE paralysis, bowel/bladder
-no hyperreflexia

43
Q

Tethered Cord Syndrome

A
  • stretch injury, scar tissue
    -LE, bowel/bladder, spine issues

Ant. Cauda equina: LMN
Excessive stretch: UMN

44
Q

Spinal Shock

A

-24h-3wks
-all reflexes, function and autonomic regulation lost
-end with return of anal reflexes

45
Q

Post-Traumatic SC Injury

A

-hyperexcitability and hyperreflexia
-more sensation
-poor thermoregulation
-orthostatic hypotension
-dysreflexia

46
Q

SC Bowel/Bladder Dysfunction

A

S2-S4: flaccid a-reflexive bladder

Above S2-S4: hyperreflexive bladder
-reflex emptying or spasms that cause urine to backflow into kidneys

Neuro (29 decks)

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