Cerebral Cortex Flashcards
Primary Somatosensory Cortex
-differentiates basic sensory info (shape, texture, size)
-Post central gyrus and central sulcus
Lesion:
-difficulty with recognizing sensory information
Cortical Layers
Granular cells
Pyramidal cells
Interneurons
-6 layers except for olfactoy and medial temporal
Secondary Somatosensory Cortex
-complex recognition of sensory info from primary and thalamus
-projects to motor and limbic areas
-integration of info, attention and learning memory
-located immediately behind PSC
Lesion:
-Asterognosia, tactile learning, memory
Primary Auditory Cortex
-in lateral fissue and sup. temporal lobe
-allows awareness of intensity of sounds
-Cochlea < inferior col < thalamus < auditory cortex
Sedondary Auditory Cortex
-contrasts and classifies sounds and makes/retrieves memories from them
-larger than primary, sup. temporal
Lesion:
-Auditory Agnosia
Primary Visual Cortex
-within calcarine sulcus (occipital to deep)
-differentiates light/dark, shapes, locations, mmts
-Retina < thalamus < cortex
Secondary Visual Cortex
-Analyzes colors and mmts
-project to sup coli (guides visual vixation)
Action Stream: SSC < dorsal to PPC < frontal
-adjust limb mmts
Preception Stream: SSC < ventral to temporal
Vestibular Cortex
-posterior end of lateral vissure in parieto-insular cortex
Posterior Parietal Cortex
-secondary
Parietemporal Association Cortex
-recieves projections from somatosensory cortex and visual sys (highest degree)
-outputs to moto sys for sensory/motor integration
-part of SSC, includes Wernicke’s area
-intelligence, probelm solving, language comprehension, spatial relationship
Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex
-self-awareness
-executive functions: planning
-lateral frontal lobe
Ventral and Medial Dorsal Prefrontal Association Cortices
-imooulse control
-personality
-Ventral: observable mood and demeanor (Visual Agnosia & Prosopagnosia)
-Medial Dorsal: preception of other’s demeanor and assumptions (Optic Ataxia)
-Medial frontal lobe and inferior frontal lobe
Primary Motor Cortex
-execution of mmt
-controls contra fractionation mmt
-precentral gyrus
Lesion:
-loss of fractionated mmt
-weakness
-dysarthria: muscles for speech
Premotor Cortex
-execution and planning of mmt
-20-30% of corticospinal tact (trunk and shoulder)
-anticipatory postural adjustments
-lateral and anteior to PMC
-attached to Broca’s Area
Lesion:
-speed and automaticity of reaching/grasping
-mmt sequencing
-posture and gait
-Perserveration
-apraxia
Supplemental Motor Area
-motor planning and initiation
-planning bimanual and sequential mmts
-anterior to PMC
Lesion:
-hemiparesis/hemiplegia
-deficits of anti-phase hand mmts
-Perserveration
-apraxia
