Specimen Collection &Handling Flashcards
Which may directly affect hormone level in blood?
Tourniquet application
Diurnal variation
Change in posture may elevate __&__levels
Albumin
Calcium
Which may be affected by stress? __ increased & __ decreased
Total cholesterol
HDL cholesterol
What indicators may be increased due to fasting for both sexes after 48 hr?
Serum bilirubin
What indicators may be decreased due to fasting in women, after 72 hr?
Plasma glucose
Tourniquet application –> increased enzyme and protein bc __
Hemoconcentration
Most serum constituents remain constant in adults until __ in women & __in men
Menopause
Middle age
Which age group has low glycogen reserve?
A. Infant
B. Adult
C. Same
A
Enumerate physio factors that may contribute to result variation
Stress Diurnal Variation Diet Exercise Age Torniquet Application Posture Gender
Tobacco smoking is an in-vivo interference to the lab result. It may elevate all except: A. Hb conc B. HDL C. MCV D. RBC count E. WBC Count
B
When the needle is \_\_\_, hemolysis may occur A. too small B. too big C. either A or B D. neither A nor B
A
Serum bilirubin > 430 mmol/L is called ___
icteric serum
icteric serum: interference for assays of all except A. albumin B. total protein C. cholesterol D. bilirubin
D
lipemic serum: interference for assays of all except A. urea B. total protein C. cholesterol D. bilirubin
C
amylase dapat
Arterial puncture: used for all except
A. complete blood count
B. pH measurement
C. blood gas analysis
A
Unacceptable sites for arterial puncture include all except A. inflammation site B. site near a wound C. site with AV fistula D. site with deep arteries
D
identify most common preanalytic error in blood gas measurement
use of too much heparin
all are common sites for venipuncture except A. antecubital fossa B. wrist and ankle C. hand dorsum D. jugular vein
D
antecubital fossa includes these 3 veins. enumerate
median cubital vein
cephalic vein
basilic vein
purpose of Heel Skin/Finger Puncture
routine assays requiring small amounts of blood
order of draw: evacuated tube and syringe
- yellow
- blue
- serum tubes with/without clot activ/gel sep
- green
- lavender
- silver
additive || color top Which is matched properly? A. EDTA || red B. sodium heparin || gray C. sodium fluoride || lavender D. sodium citrate || blue
D
A. no additive || red
B. sodium heparin || green
C. sodium fluoride || gray
additive || color top Which is matched properly? A. EDTA || lavender B. SST || blue C. sodium heparin || gold D. sodium citrate || yellow
A
B. SST || gold
C. sodium heparin || green
D. sodium citrate || blue
additive || color top Which is matched properly? A. SST || silver B. sodium fluoride || gold C. sodium heparin || green D. sodium citrate || lavender
C
A. SST || gold
B. sodium fluoride || gray
D. sodium citrate || blue
concentration of EDTA @ tube
1-2 mg/mL of blood
lavender EDTA tube: purpose
hematology cell count and cell morphology
pink EDTA tube: purpose
ABO grouping, Rh typing, antibody screening
white EDTA tube: purpose
molecular diagnostic testing for plasma
sodium citrate black tube: purpose
Westergren sedimentation rate
sodium citrate light blue tube:purpose
coagulation testing
sodium citrate : concentation @ tube
3.2-3.8 g/dL of blood
true about heparin A. used in hematology testing B. affect ion levels, like calcium C. can interfere with some immunoassays D. NOTA
C
Differentiate lithium heparin fr sodium heparin
LiHep - used for most chemistry tests except lithium and folate
NaHep - anticoagulant therapy, trace elements, toxicology
sodium fluoride: gray top. Which is false? A. used for measurement of heavy metals B. interferes with Na, K C. forms weakly dissoc Ca cpds D. NOTA
A
glucose dapat
sodium fluoride : concentation @ tube
10 mg/mL of blood
oxalate : concentation @ tube
1-2 mg/mL of blood
Why can’t oxalate be used in hematocrit?
It may shrink red cells
What may be in SSTs? Enumerate
clot activator
gel separator
red tube: no additive. three purposes?
blood bank
immunology assays
blood culture
enumerate 5 process that affect concentration of a blood constituent in the specimen during storage
- adsorption to glass or plastic tubes
- protein denaturation
- evaporation of volatile compounds
- water mvmt into cells
- cont metab activities of RBC, WBC
These specimens must be kept at 4 deg C immediately after collection and transported on ice. Applicable to the ff except A. NH3 B. plasma renin C. acid phosphatase D. glucose
D
Serum required for the ff except
A. protein electrophoresis
B. coagulation measurements
C. immunofixation assay
B
adequate time for clotting must be allowed before centrifugation. why?
prevent latent fibrin formation, which may cause undesirable clogging of automated chemistry analyzers
Three possible events in blood sample that may affect spectrophotometric methods of analysis. enumerate
hemolysis
icterus
lipemia
icterus may affect spectrophotometric method result because of ___, which has high absorbance at 340-500 nm
bilirubin
refers to the exclusion of water and small molecules in the aqueous phase, when more volume within a specimen is occupied by protein or lipid that excludes water
Solvent Exclusion Effect
