Enzymes

Question 1

Which are/is false abt creatinine kinase?
A.reverse rxn is coupled w/pyruvate kinase–LD–NADH system
B.fwd reaction is coupled w/hexokinase– G-6-PD–NADP system C.Rev rxn proceeds 2-6x faster than the fwd rxn
D.Optimal pH for the reverse rxn is 6.8

Answer 1

A and B

Baliktad

Question 2

Does not affect creatinine kinase level
A.Hemolysis
B.Exposure to light  
C.bone mass
D.sex

Answer 2

C - muscle dapat

Question 3

Not part of lactate dehydrogenase diagnostic signif
A.Pernicious anemia
B.acute myocardial infarct
C.skeletal muscle disorder
D.Pancreatitis

Answer 3

D

Question 4

Lactate dehydrogenase: which is mismatched?
A. LD-1 (and LD-2):Cardiac necrosis (AMI) and intravascular hemolysis B.LD-3: CNS involvement and tumors
C.LD-5 (and LD-4): Hepatic/intrahepatic and skeletal muscle disorders
D.LD-6: arteriosclerotic cardiovascular failure; hepatic congestion

Answer 4

B - pulmonary dapat

Question 5

Purpose of lactate dehydrogenase. Be specific abt which is fwd and which is rev

Answer 5

interconversion of lactic(fwd) and pyruvic acids (rev) using the coenzyme NAD+

Question 6

Ref range for lactate dehydrogenase
A.46 to 171 U/L
B.34 to 145 U/L
C.125 to 220 U/L

Answer 6

C!
A: creatinine kinase for males
B: creatinine kinase females

Question 7

A. T/F aspartate aminotransferase is also SGPT & it’s highest @ acute hepatocellular disorders
B. Assay activity of AST is measured via what technique?

Answer 7

A - F bc SGOT!!

B - Karmen method

Question 8

False about Karmen method
A.incorporating a coupled enzymatic reaction using lactate dehydrogenase as the indicator
B.NADH oxidized to NAD+
C.Involves SGOT/AST

Answer 8

A:malate dehydrogenase dapat. Lactate dehydrogenase is used for ALT.

Question 9

Not affected by hemolysis
A.aspartate aminotransferase
B.alanine aminotransferase
C.lactate dehydrogenase
D.acid phosphatase

Answer 9

B

Question 10

Reference level of AST
A.5 to 35 U/L
B.7 to 35 U/L
C.9 to 35 U/L

Answer 10

A!

B is for ALT :)

Question 11

In acute inflammatory conditions of the liver: ALT elevations > AST elevations. WHY

Answer 11

because of the longer half-life of ALT in serum

Question 12

Does not have high amt @ liver
A.creatinine kinase
B.aspartate aminotransferase
C.alanine aminotransferase
D.lactate dehydrogenase

Answer 12

A

Question 13

High alkaline phosphatase in all except
A.healing bone fractures
B.periods of physiologic bone growth C.prostate cancer
D.pregnancy:both physio & complications

Answer 13

C - sa acid phosphatase ito

Question 14

A. method of ALP det!
B. (A) allows calculation of ALP activity based on the molar absorptivity of ___
C. End color of (B)

Answer 14

A.Bowers and McComb
B.p-nitrophenol
C. (yellow)

Question 15

Explain how each affets ALP level
A.Hemolysis
B.Diet
C.Blood Type

Answer 15

A.ALP 6x higher in RBC
B.may be 25% after high fat meal
C.blood group B and blood group O are secretors

Question 16

A. T/F ALP is always higher in males than in females
B. T/F ACP is used to detect prostate cancer
C. T/F γ-Glutamyltransferase is affected by hemolysis

Answer 16

A. F! Pag tumanda na ang babae. Mga 60+ :)
B. T
C. F

Question 17

Not part of diagnostic signif of acid phosphatase
A.Useful in forensic clinical chemistry B.Muscle diseases
C.idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP)

Answer 17

B - bone dapat

Question 18

Prostatic ACP: ref range
A.0-1.5 ng/mL
B.0-2.5 ng/mL
C.0 - 3.5 ng/mL

Answer 18

C

Question 19

Not a primary source of  γ-Glutamyltransferase 
A.kidney
B.brain
C.prostate
D.pancreas
E.heart

Answer 19

E

Question 20

A. - most widely accepted substrate for use in GGT analysis
B.final product of GGT analysis
C. How is (B) formed?

Answer 20

A.γ-glutamyl-p-nitroanilide
B. p-nitroaniline
C.The γ-glutamyl residue is transferred to glycylglycine

Question 21

I.6 to 55 U/L
II.5 to 38 U/L

These are reference ranges for γ-Glutamyltransferase! Which is for male? Which is for female?

Answer 21

Male: I
Female: II

Question 22

A.main sources of amylase

B.differentiate Hyperamylasemia & Macroamylasemia. (Note: both have increased amylase levels)

Answer 22

A.pancreatic acinar cells & salivary glands
B.Hyperamylasemia - neoplastic diseases with elevated results
Macroamylasemia - results when the AMY combines with Igs to form a complex that is too large to be filtered

Question 23

[Amylase]
Define the ff:
A.Amyloclastic: 
B.Saccharogenic:   
C.Chromogenic:

Answer 23

A.measures the disappearance of starch substance
B.Measures the appearance of product C.Measures the increasing color from production of product coupled with a chromogenic dye

Question 24

[Amylase]
Which is false?
A.May be normal in acute pancreatitis with hyperlipemia
B.Morphine and other opiates before blood sampling: falsely lower serum AMY levels
C.amylase is stable in urine & serum
D.Less specific for pancreatic disorders than Lipase measurement

Answer 24

B - higher dapat

Question 25

I.28 to 100 U/L II.1 to 15 U/h These are serum amylase reference ranges. Which is for urine? Which is for serum?

Answer 25

I - serum | II - urine

Question 26

``` Not a primary location of lipase A.pancreas B.Stomach C.liver D.Small intestine ```

Answer 26

C

Question 27

[Lipase] This method of measurement uses an olive oil substrate and measures the liberated fatty acids by titration after a 24-hour incubation. Identify

Answer 27

Cherry-Crandall Method

Question 28

A.Explain turbidimetric method of measuring lipase | B.enzymes used for colorimetric method of measuring lipase

Answer 28

A.As the fats are hydrolyzed by LPS, the particles disperse, and the rate of clearing can be measured as an estimation of LPS activity B.peroxidase or glycerol kinase

Question 29

Hemolysis increases levels of the ff in serum except A.aspartate aminotransferase B.lipase C.creatinine kinase

Answer 29

B

Question 30

``` Not diagnostic significance of creatinine kinase A.acute myocardial infection B.muscular dystrophy (Duchenne type) C.CNS disorders D.diabetes mellitus ```

Answer 30

D

Question 31

``` Not a tissue source of Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase A.Adrenal cortex B.Spleen, thymus, lymph nodes C.Leukocytes D.Lactating mammary gland ```

Answer 31

(C - kasi dapat RBC)

Question 32

What is the role of Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase in RBC?

Answer 32

it functions to maintain NADPH in reduced form --> regenerate glutathione (reduced) --> protects Hgb from oxidation

Question 33

``` not a cause of low Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase A.hemolysis B.megaloblastic anemia C.inadequate supply of NADPH D.myocardial infarction ```

Answer 33

(B & D - cause increase)

Question 34

True about Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase A.Serum: used to assay for deficiency of the enzyme B.Red cell hemolysate: used to assay elevation in enzyme level C.Reference range:7.9 to 16.3 U/g Hgb

Answer 34

C | A & B: baliktad