Enzymes Flashcards
Which are/is false abt creatinine kinase?
A.reverse rxn is coupled w/pyruvate kinase–LD–NADH system
B.fwd reaction is coupled w/hexokinase– G-6-PD–NADP system C.Rev rxn proceeds 2-6x faster than the fwd rxn
D.Optimal pH for the reverse rxn is 6.8
A and B
Baliktad
Does not affect creatinine kinase level A.Hemolysis B.Exposure to light C.bone mass D.sex
C - muscle dapat
Not part of lactate dehydrogenase diagnostic signif A.Pernicious anemia B.acute myocardial infarct C.skeletal muscle disorder D.Pancreatitis
D
Lactate dehydrogenase: which is mismatched?
A. LD-1 (and LD-2):Cardiac necrosis (AMI) and intravascular hemolysis B.LD-3: CNS involvement and tumors
C.LD-5 (and LD-4): Hepatic/intrahepatic and skeletal muscle disorders
D.LD-6: arteriosclerotic cardiovascular failure; hepatic congestion
B - pulmonary dapat
Purpose of lactate dehydrogenase. Be specific abt which is fwd and which is rev
interconversion of lactic(fwd) and pyruvic acids (rev) using the coenzyme NAD+
Ref range for lactate dehydrogenase
A.46 to 171 U/L
B.34 to 145 U/L
C.125 to 220 U/L
C!
A: creatinine kinase for males
B: creatinine kinase females
A. T/F aspartate aminotransferase is also SGPT & it’s highest @ acute hepatocellular disorders
B. Assay activity of AST is measured via what technique?
A - F bc SGOT!!
B - Karmen method
False about Karmen method
A.incorporating a coupled enzymatic reaction using lactate dehydrogenase as the indicator
B.NADH oxidized to NAD+
C.Involves SGOT/AST
A:malate dehydrogenase dapat. Lactate dehydrogenase is used for ALT.
Not affected by hemolysis A.aspartate aminotransferase B.alanine aminotransferase C.lactate dehydrogenase D.acid phosphatase
B
Reference level of AST
A.5 to 35 U/L
B.7 to 35 U/L
C.9 to 35 U/L
A!
B is for ALT :)
In acute inflammatory conditions of the liver: ALT elevations > AST elevations. WHY
because of the longer half-life of ALT in serum
Does not have high amt @ liver A.creatinine kinase B.aspartate aminotransferase C.alanine aminotransferase D.lactate dehydrogenase
A
High alkaline phosphatase in all except
A.healing bone fractures
B.periods of physiologic bone growth C.prostate cancer
D.pregnancy:both physio & complications
C - sa acid phosphatase ito
A. method of ALP det!
B. (A) allows calculation of ALP activity based on the molar absorptivity of ___
C. End color of (B)
A.Bowers and McComb
B.p-nitrophenol
C. (yellow)
Explain how each affets ALP level
A.Hemolysis
B.Diet
C.Blood Type
A.ALP 6x higher in RBC
B.may be 25% after high fat meal
C.blood group B and blood group O are secretors
A. T/F ALP is always higher in males than in females
B. T/F ACP is used to detect prostate cancer
C. T/F γ-Glutamyltransferase is affected by hemolysis
A. F! Pag tumanda na ang babae. Mga 60+ :)
B. T
C. F
Not part of diagnostic signif of acid phosphatase
A.Useful in forensic clinical chemistry B.Muscle diseases
C.idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP)
B - bone dapat
Prostatic ACP: ref range
A.0-1.5 ng/mL
B.0-2.5 ng/mL
C.0 - 3.5 ng/mL
C
Not a primary source of γ-Glutamyltransferase A.kidney B.brain C.prostate D.pancreas E.heart
E
A. - most widely accepted substrate for use in GGT analysis
B.final product of GGT analysis
C. How is (B) formed?
A.γ-glutamyl-p-nitroanilide
B. p-nitroaniline
C.The γ-glutamyl residue is transferred to glycylglycine
I.6 to 55 U/L
II.5 to 38 U/L
These are reference ranges for γ-Glutamyltransferase! Which is for male? Which is for female?
Male: I
Female: II
A.main sources of amylase
B.differentiate Hyperamylasemia & Macroamylasemia. (Note: both have increased amylase levels)
A.pancreatic acinar cells & salivary glands
B.Hyperamylasemia - neoplastic diseases with elevated results
Macroamylasemia - results when the AMY combines with Igs to form a complex that is too large to be filtered
[Amylase] Define the ff: A.Amyloclastic: B.Saccharogenic: C.Chromogenic:
A.measures the disappearance of starch substance
B.Measures the appearance of product C.Measures the increasing color from production of product coupled with a chromogenic dye
[Amylase]
Which is false?
A.May be normal in acute pancreatitis with hyperlipemia
B.Morphine and other opiates before blood sampling: falsely lower serum AMY levels
C.amylase is stable in urine & serum
D.Less specific for pancreatic disorders than Lipase measurement
B - higher dapat
I.28 to 100 U/L
II.1 to 15 U/h
These are serum amylase reference ranges. Which is for urine? Which is for serum?
I - serum
II - urine
Not a primary location of lipase A.pancreas B.Stomach C.liver D.Small intestine
C
[Lipase]
This method of measurement uses an olive oil substrate and measures the liberated fatty acids by titration after a 24-hour incubation. Identify
Cherry-Crandall Method
A.Explain turbidimetric method of measuring lipase
B.enzymes used for colorimetric method of measuring lipase
A.As the fats are hydrolyzed by LPS, the particles disperse, and the rate of clearing can be measured as an estimation of LPS activity
B.peroxidase or glycerol kinase
Hemolysis increases levels of the ff in serum except
A.aspartate aminotransferase
B.lipase
C.creatinine kinase
B
Not diagnostic significance of creatinine kinase A.acute myocardial infection B.muscular dystrophy (Duchenne type) C.CNS disorders D.diabetes mellitus
D
Not a tissue source of Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase A.Adrenal cortex B.Spleen, thymus, lymph nodes C.Leukocytes D.Lactating mammary gland
(C - kasi dapat RBC)
What is the role of Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase in RBC?
it functions to maintain NADPH in reduced form –> regenerate glutathione (reduced) –> protects Hgb from oxidation
not a cause of low Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase A.hemolysis B.megaloblastic anemia C.inadequate supply of NADPH D.myocardial infarction
(B & D - cause increase)
True about Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase
A.Serum: used to assay for deficiency of the enzyme
B.Red cell hemolysate: used to assay elevation in enzyme level
C.Reference range:7.9 to 16.3 U/g Hgb
C
A & B: baliktad
