Proteins Flashcards
What are the 2 properties of a secondary protein structure?
strength & flexibility
Differentiate tertiary fr quaternary structure of protein
tertiary - overall shape or conformation
of the protein molecule
quaternary - shape from interaction of more than
one protein molecule
Differentiate conjugated from simple proteins
conjugated: consists of a protein & prosthetic group + prosthetic group defines the characteristics of the protein
simple: contain peptide chains composed of only AA
Differentiate glomerular fr fibrous simple protein
Globular – symmetrical & soluble in water
- transporters, enzymes & messengers
Fibrous – asymmetrical, inert, with hydrophobic R groups
Classify the ff proteins accdg to their structure(be specific): A. ferritin B. chromatin C. collagen D. immunoglobulin
A. conjugated - metalloprotein
B. conjugated - nucleoprotein
C. simple - fibrous
D. simple - globular
Classify the ff proteins accdg to their structure(be specific): A. albumin B. troponin C. flavoprotein D. haptoglobin
A. simple - globular
B. simple - fibrous
C. conjugated - metalloprotein
D. conjugated - glycoprotein
Which is true?
A. Isoelectric point: number of positive = negative charge groups.
B. If a protein is placed in solution that has a pH > pI , it is (+) charged
C. If a protein is placed in solution that has a pH
A
baliktad ang B at C
D - mali, it has both positive and negative charges
Which is false?
A. at low pH, amino and carboxyl groups are protonated
B. at high pH, amino group is also deprotonated
C. most proteins are positively charged at physiological pH
C
negative dapat
Enumerate 5 properties of protein used for sep, identify & assay
Differential solubility Adsorption on finely div inert matl Molecular size Electrical charge Specific binding
Which is false?
A. Endogenous protein synthesis is provided by dietary intake of protein
B. Body’s amino acid pool - source for plasma, intracellular protein
C. Urea is synthesized from ammonium ions c/o deamination
D. There is both nitrogen pool & storage for amino acids in the body
D
nitrogen pool only
Two pathways for protein catab - differentiate and enumerate
Lysosomal - intracellular and extracellular protein only
Cytosolic - intracellular protein only
Transaminations remove nitrogen from free amino acids; this produces two substances. Enumerate & mention their fates
Ammonia - converted to urea and excreted in urine
Ketoacids
Amino acid pool/nitrogen pool interacts with all except A. Heme & CO2 B. Glucose C. Urea D. Vitamins
D
False about transthyretin A. Transports retinol & protein for T3 B. Has a long half-life (2mos) C. Marker for poor nutri status D. Inc with steroid use
B
2 days lang
False about albumin A.maintains fluid balance in tissue B.buffers pH C.binds blood substances D.positive Acute phase protein
D
Negative dapat
Glycosylated Hb - glucose trend over __
Glycated albumin - glucose trend over __
(Identify number of mos)
Hb - 3
Alb - 1
Not a cause of decreased albumin A.diarrhea B.hypothyroidism C.hemoconcentration D.polydipsia
C
False about alpha-1 antitrypsin A.most impt agonist for leukocyte elastase B.major constituent for alpha-1 globulin C.elevated by estrogen D.NOTA
A
Inhibitor dapat
Which method is used to determine very low conc of albumin?
A.bromocresol green/purple dye
B.use of serum
C.immunochemical method
C
Alpha-1 fetoprotein : protects fetus fr immuno attack of mom. Seen in all except A.spina bifida B.defects for renal tubule C.anencephaly D.general fetal distress
B - neural tube/abdominal defect
Haptoglobin helps detect hemolytic anemia by seeing decrease in all except A.heptoglobulin B.reticulocytes C.hematocrit D.hemoglobin
B
Which is not used to test alpha-1 fetoprotein level
A.RIA
B.EIA
C.RID
C- for haptoglobin
Plays role @ inflammation/carcinogenesis A. Inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor B. Gc-globulin C. Alpha1-acid glycoprotein D. Ceruloplasmin
A
Transports endotoxin, carries vitD, high @ preg & low @ liver damage. Measured via immunonephelometry A. Inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor B. Gc-globulin C. Alpha1-acid glycoprotein D. Ceruloplasmin
B
Positive APP that is soluble in water. It may reduce bioavailability of some drugs A. Inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor B. Gc-globulin C. Alpha1-acid glycoprotein D. Ceruloplasmin
C
Used to diagnose Wilson's disease and Kayser-Fleischer in cornea A. Inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor B. Gc-globulin C. Alpha1-acid glycoprotein D. Ceruloplasmin
D
Which is not an Acute phase reactor in humans? A. Inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor B. Gc-globulin C. Alpha1-acid glycoprotein D. Alpha-2 macroglobulin
D
False about siderophilin A.levels determined to determine anemia cause + iron metab&capacity B.major comp of B-globulin fraction C.high levels in malignancy D.reversible bonds with ferric ion
C
Low dapat. Siderophilin is just transferrin
Excess iron dep in tissues, leading to bronze skin, diabetes mellitus, cirrhosis ETC
Identify
Hemachromatosis
Transferrin saturation - formula
Iron conc / TIBC
Which scavenges heme released or lost by breaking down myoglobin/Hb, catalase in 1:1 ratio? A. Inter-beta-trypsin inhibitor B. Hemopexin C. Alpha1-acid glycoprotein D. Alpha-3 macroglobulin
B
Not a plasma protein A. Inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor B. Albumin C. Alpha1-acid glycoprotein D. Beta-2 microglobulin
D
Which is/are false?
A. Decreased C3 in autoimmune patients
B. Increased C4 in chronic hepatitis
C. Complement proteins may be determined via immunoassay & turbidimetry
Decreased dapat
Which is/are false?
A. Increased values of fibrinogen reflect extensive coagulation
B. C-reactive protein has same meas method as fibrinogen
C. C-reactive protein facilitates phagocytosis
D. High sensitivity CRP determines risk for CVD
A
Decreased dapat
False abt hypoproteinemia A.occurs at (-) nitrogen balance B.result of dehydration C.due to loss of blood in open wounds D.may be brought about by acc catabolism
B
Sa Hyperproteinemia ito applicable
False abt hyperproteinemia A.occurs at (-) nitrogen balance B.result of dehydration C.excessive prod primarily of gamma-globulin D.seen in Waldenstron's disease
A
Sa hypoproteinemia ito applicable
Which is false?
A.immunodef synd: low in globulin, normal in albumin, low in TP
B.dehydration: high in all 3 qty
C.salt retention syn: low in all 3 qty
D.multiple myeloma: high globulin, high TP but low albumin
D
Normal lang ang albumin
False abt total nitrogen method of analysis A.sample: whole blood B.chemiluminescence C.sample is heated in oxygen D.NOTA
A
Sample is urine
Not used to meas total protein A.Kjeldahl method B.chemiluminescence C.Biuret method D.dye binding
B
Identify the method with this principle: digestion of protein to measure N content A.Kjeldahl method B.salt precipitation C.Biuret method D.dye binding
A
Identify the method with this principle: Violet chelate formed bet Cu2+ & peptide bonds A.Kjeldahl method B.salt precipitation C.Biuret method D.dye binding
C
Identify the method with this principle: Protein binds to dye & causes spectral shift in absobrance max of dye A.Kjeldahl method B.salt precipitation C.Biuret method D.dye binding
D
Used to determine albumin level A.Kjeldahl method B.salt precipitation C.Biuret method D.dye binding
B
Which is not a dye used in dye binding for albumin det?
A.methylene blue
B.HABA
C.bromocresol green
A
Methyl orange dapat
How is total globulin measured in serum?
Measured by direct calorimetric method using glyoxylic acid, producing a purple color
False about serum protein electrophoresis
A.serum samples applied close to anode end of support medium with pH8.0 buffer
B.all major serum proteins have negative charge at pH 6.8 and migrate towards cathode
C.fixed in acid for det
D.scanning densitometer for reeading
A - cathode dapat
B - anode tapos pH 8.6
Support medium for high res electrophoresis
Agarose gel
False about radial immunodiffusion immunoassay
A. Qualitatively determines antigen level
B. Diameter of ring is related to concentration
C. BOTA
D. NOTA
A
Quantitative dapat
Enum 3 categories of tests used to determine pathological disorders
screening
Quantitative test
Specific test
Specimen reqt for protein analysis
Heparinized plasma
Identify: a non-specific response of proteins to inflammation or tissue damage
Acute phase reaction
Not a positive acute phase protein A. Complement B. Ceruloplasmin C. Transferrin D. Alpha-1 antitrypsin
C
Not a negative acute phase protein A. Albumin B. Ceruloplasmin C. Transferrin D. Retinol-binding protein
B
Enum 10 protein fxns
Hemostasis Acid base bal Energy source Osmotic force Transport proteins Hormones Enzymes Structural protein Immunoglobulin Storage protein
