Specific Antimicrobial Drugs Flashcards
Which antimicrobial drug is an inhibitor of cell wall synthesis, effective against gram-positive bacteria, is stable in stomach acids, and is given via oral administration?
Penicillin V
Which antimicrobial drug is a semisynthetic penicillin, is broad spectrum, and is combined with inhibitor of penicillinase?
Amoxicillin
Which antimicrobial drug is anthelmintic, alters plasma membrane permeability, and kills flatworms?
Praziquantel
Which antimicrobial drug inhibits synthesis of the mycolic acid in mycobacterium and has little effect on non-mycobacteria?
Isoniazid
Which antimicrobial drug is anti-retroviral, inhibits DNA or RNA synthesis, and is a nucleoside analog used in the treatment of HIV?
Zidovudine (AZT)
Which antimicrobial drug is the best known aminoglycoside and is used in the alternative treatment of tuberculosis?
Streptomycin
Which antimicrobial drug is an antihelminthic drug that inhibits ATP production under aerobic conditions and kills tapeworms?
Niclosamide
Which two antimicrobial drugs are antiviral, inhibit entry and fusion, and inhibit neuraminidase on the influenza virus?
Zanamivir and Oseltamivir (tamiflu)
Which antimicrobial drug is a competitive inhibitor of the synthesis of essential metabolites, combination is widely used, only 10% is needed when combination is used, and is a sulfonamide?
Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole
Which antimicrobial drug is produced by Streptomyces, prevents the addition of amino acids to a growing peptide chain, is broad spectrum, is used for chlamydia and rickettsia, and is in animal feed additives?
Tetracyclines
Which antimicrobial drug is a synthetic penicillin and is broad spectrum?
Ampicillin
Which antimicrobial drug causes injury to the plasma membrane, is effective against gram-negatives, and was one of the only drugs used against pseudomonas?
Polymyxin B
Which antimicrobial drug is a synthetic derivative used to control malaria and is an antiprotozoan drug that inhibits DNA synthesis?
Chloroquine
Which antimicrobial drug is the best known derivative of the rifamycin family of antibiotics, inhibits synthesis of mRNA, and is used to treat tuberculosis and leprosy?
Rifampin
Which antimicrobial drug inhibits the formation of peptide bonds in the growing polypeptide chain by reacting with the 50S portion of the prokaryotic ribosome, is broad spectrum, potentially toxic, and relatively inexpensive?
Chloramphenicol
Which antimicrobial drug inhibits influenza A from uncoating?
Amantadine
Which antimicrobial drug inhibits cell wall synthesis in the same way that penicillins do and is more widely used than any other B-lactam antibiotic?
Cephalosporins
Which antimicrobial drug is an interferon that inhibits the spread of viruses to new cells and is the drug of choice for viral hepatitis?
Alpha interferon
Which antimicrobial drug inhibits DNA synthesis, is best known for its use against anthrax, and was widely used in the earliest generation of fluoroquinolones?
Ciprofloxacin
Which antimicrobial drug is an aminoglycoside and is especially useful against Pseudomonas infections?
Gentamicin
Which two antimicrobial drugs are anthelmintic, inhibits the formation of microtubules in cytoplasm, interferes with absorption of nutrients by the parasite, and are used against intestinal roundworms?
Mebendazole and Albendazole
Which antimicrobial drug is a nucleoside analog used for treating herpes infections (especially genital herpes, and is useful in immunosuppressed individuals?
Acyclovir
Which antimicrobial drug is an antifungal antibiotic and is produced by streptomyces species in soils?
Amphotericin B
Which antimicrobial drug is a semisynthetic penicillin and is very broad spectrum?
Imipenem
Which antimicrobial drug is the best macrolide in clinical use, inhibits protein synthesis, and is unable to penetrate gram-negative cell walls?
Erythromycin
Which two antimicrobial drugs are widely used antiprotozoal drugs, is the drugs of choice for vaginitis, and are effective in treating giardiasis, amebiasis, and trichomoniasis?
Metronidazole and tinidazole
Which 3 antimicrobial drug are antifungal, azoles, inhibit plasma membrane synthesis, are used in treating ringworm, vaginal candidiasis, and systemic mycoses?
Clotrimazole, miconazole, and ketoconazole
