Module 1: The Microbial World and You Flashcards
What is bacteriology?
The study of bacteria
What is mycology?
The study of fungi
What is parasitology?
The study of protozoa and parasitic worms
What is virology?
The study of viruses
What is immunology?
The study of immunity
What are the 3 domains?
Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya
Think “ABE”
Name the order of classification from most diverse to least diverse.
Domain
Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species
How should a scientific name be written?
Genus species
How are Eukaryotes and Prokaryotes different?
Eukaryotes have a nucleus and membrane bound organelles while prokaryotes do not
What is the term we use to describe viruses?
Inert
What does inert mean?
Not living
Why can viruses not be considered living?
They cannot replicate outside their host cell
What does the term oxygenic mean?
To generate or produce oxygen
What bacterial phylum is known to be oxygenic?
Cyanobacteria
What are the 6 elements that can be found in living things?
Carbon
Hydrogen
Oxygen
Nitrogen
Phosphorus
Sulfur
What is the term that means using organism to help clean up the environment?
Bioremediation
What component is needed in the process of recombinant DNA to remove part of the plasmid?
Restriction enzyme
What component is needed in the process of recombinant DNA to attach the mammalian gene?
Ligase
What are two terms for the bacteria that normally reside in the human body?
Microbiota and flora
What bacteria is known to cause cavities?
Streptococcus mutans
What is the term referring to a complex group of microorganisms that are collectively resistant to outside influence?
Biofilm
What is the germ theory of disease?
Diseases are caused by the presence of pathogens
What are Koch’s postulates?
A group of ideas that state that a certain microorganism causes a certain disease
What condition introduced Koch’s postulates?
Anthrax caused by Bacillus anthracis
What is the term meaning treating a disease with chemicals taking into the body?
Chemotherapy
What is the term for a disease is which a pathogen invades a susceptible host?
Infectious disease
What is the term for large outbreaks of disease that are occurring more frequently?
Emerging infectious diseases
Which scientist coined the term “cell” and came up with the cell theory?
Robert Hooke
What is the cell theory?
All living things are composed of cells
Which scientist was the first to see things through a microscope and made drawings of them?
Anton Van Leeuwenhoek
Which scientist proved that maggots do not spontaneously generate?
Francesco Redi
Which scientist claimed that microorganisms spontaneously generated in fluids?
John Needham
Which scientist demonstrated that microorganisms can be present in non-living matter and that they can be destroyed via heat?
Louis Pasteur
Which scientist formed the basis of aseptic techniques?
Louis Pasteur
What is the term for procedures that prevent contamination of unwanted microorganisms?
Aseptic techniques
What process is commonly used to reduce spoilage and kill potentially harmful bacteria in milk and some alcoholic drinks?
Pasteurization
Which scientist used phenol in surgical sites to reduce infection and proved that microorganisms can cause surgical wound infections?
Joseph Lister
Which scientists proposed a model for the structure and replication of DNA?
Watson and Crick
Which scientist gave the first proof that specific bacteria cause specific disease?
Robert Koch
Which scientist produced the first vaccine against cowpox?
Edward Jenner
Which scientist used a “magic bullet” called Salvarsan as a chemotherapeutic agent against syphilis?
Paul Ehrlich
Which scientist discovered the first antibiotic?
Alexander Fleming
