Module 1: The Microbial World and You Flashcards

1
Q

What is bacteriology?

A

The study of bacteria

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2
Q

What is mycology?

A

The study of fungi

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3
Q

What is parasitology?

A

The study of protozoa and parasitic worms

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4
Q

What is virology?

A

The study of viruses

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5
Q

What is immunology?

A

The study of immunity

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6
Q

What are the 3 domains?

A

Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya
Think “ABE”

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7
Q

Name the order of classification from most diverse to least diverse.

A

Domain
Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species

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8
Q

How should a scientific name be written?

A

Genus species

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9
Q

How are Eukaryotes and Prokaryotes different?

A

Eukaryotes have a nucleus and membrane bound organelles while prokaryotes do not

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10
Q

What is the term we use to describe viruses?

A

Inert

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11
Q

What does inert mean?

A

Not living

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12
Q

Why can viruses not be considered living?

A

They cannot replicate outside their host cell

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13
Q

What does the term oxygenic mean?

A

To generate or produce oxygen

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14
Q

What bacterial phylum is known to be oxygenic?

A

Cyanobacteria

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15
Q

What are the 6 elements that can be found in living things?

A

Carbon
Hydrogen
Oxygen
Nitrogen
Phosphorus
Sulfur

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16
Q

What is the term that means using organism to help clean up the environment?

A

Bioremediation

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17
Q

What component is needed in the process of recombinant DNA to remove part of the plasmid?

A

Restriction enzyme

18
Q

What component is needed in the process of recombinant DNA to attach the mammalian gene?

19
Q

What are two terms for the bacteria that normally reside in the human body?

A

Microbiota and flora

20
Q

What bacteria is known to cause cavities?

A

Streptococcus mutans

21
Q

What is the term referring to a complex group of microorganisms that are collectively resistant to outside influence?

22
Q

What is the germ theory of disease?

A

Diseases are caused by the presence of pathogens

23
Q

What are Koch’s postulates?

A

A group of ideas that state that a certain microorganism causes a certain disease

24
Q

What condition introduced Koch’s postulates?

A

Anthrax caused by Bacillus anthracis

25
What is the term meaning treating a disease with chemicals taking into the body?
Chemotherapy
26
What is the term for a disease is which a pathogen invades a susceptible host?
Infectious disease
27
What is the term for large outbreaks of disease that are occurring more frequently?
Emerging infectious diseases
28
Which scientist coined the term "cell" and came up with the cell theory?
Robert Hooke
29
What is the cell theory?
All living things are composed of cells
30
Which scientist was the first to see things through a microscope and made drawings of them?
Anton Van Leeuwenhoek
31
Which scientist proved that maggots do not spontaneously generate?
Francesco Redi
32
Which scientist claimed that microorganisms spontaneously generated in fluids?
John Needham
33
Which scientist demonstrated that microorganisms can be present in non-living matter and that they can be destroyed via heat?
Louis Pasteur
34
Which scientist formed the basis of aseptic techniques?
Louis Pasteur
35
What is the term for procedures that prevent contamination of unwanted microorganisms?
Aseptic techniques
36
What process is commonly used to reduce spoilage and kill potentially harmful bacteria in milk and some alcoholic drinks?
Pasteurization
37
Which scientist used phenol in surgical sites to reduce infection and proved that microorganisms can cause surgical wound infections?
Joseph Lister
38
Which scientists proposed a model for the structure and replication of DNA?
Watson and Crick
39
Which scientist gave the first proof that specific bacteria cause specific disease?
Robert Koch
40
Which scientist produced the first vaccine against cowpox?
Edward Jenner
41
Which scientist used a "magic bullet" called Salvarsan as a chemotherapeutic agent against syphilis?
Paul Ehrlich
42
Which scientist discovered the first antibiotic?
Alexander Fleming