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Microbiology (2060) > Module 3: Observing Microorganisms Through a Microscope > Flashcards

Module 3: Observing Microorganisms Through a Microscope Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What are the two types of light microscopy?

A

Compound and simple

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2
Q

Who invented the first light microscope?

A

Zacharias Jansen

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3
Q

Who invented the first compound microscope?

A

Antony Van Leeuwenhoek

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4
Q

What magnification is the scanning lens?

A

4x

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5
Q

What magnification is the low power lense?

A

10x

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6
Q

What magnification is the high power lense?

A

40x

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7
Q

What magnification is the oil immersion lense?

A

100x

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8
Q

What magnification is the ocular lense?

A

10x

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9
Q

What is done to change the refractive index of a specimen?

A

Staining

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10
Q

What type of microscope uses two light beams that are split by prisms?

A

Differential interference contrast microscope

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11
Q

What type of microscope uses UV illumination and causes fluorescent compounds in the specimen to emit visible light?

A

Fluorescence microscopy

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12
Q

What are the 2 names for the FA technique?

A

Fluorescent-antibody technique
Immunofluorescence

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13
Q

What type of microscope uses specimens stained with fluorochromes that are illuminated one plane at a time with a short wavelength of light and then are used to produce a 3-D image?

A

Confocal microscope

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14
Q

What type of microscope uses sound waves sent through a specimen?

A

Scanning acoustic microscopy

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15
Q

What type of microscope uses a wavelength 100,000x smaller than visible light, increasing the resolution?

A

Electron microscope

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16
Q

What type of microscope runs a probe across the surface?

A

Scanned-probe microscope

17
Q

What are the two ways that a specimen can be fixed on a slide?

A

Heat or methyl alcohol

18
Q

What type of staining reveals the size and shape of a microbe?

A

Simple staining

19
Q

What substance can be used with a simple stain to intensify staining?

A

Mordant

20
Q

What are the 4 steps in a gram-staining procedure?

A
  1. Crystal violet
  2. Iodine
  3. Decolorizer
  4. Safranin
21
Q

What type of bacteria will stain pink after gram-staining?

A

Gram-negative bacteria

22
Q

What is the differential step in gram staining?

A

Decolorizer

23
Q

What color will gram-positive bacteria stain in gram staining?

A

Purple

24
Q

What is the counterstain in gram staining?

A

Safranin

25
Q

What type of bacteria is stained by acid-fast staining?

A

Mycobacterium

26
Q

What special stain can be used to view capsules?

A

Negative stain

27
Q

What special stain can be used to to view endospores?

A

Shaeffer-fulton sstaining

28
Q

What special stain can be used to view external structures that help with movement?

A

Flagella stain

Microbiology (2060) (21 decks)

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