Module 3: Observing Microorganisms Through a Microscope Flashcards
What are the two types of light microscopy?
Compound and simple
Who invented the first light microscope?
Zacharias Jansen
Who invented the first compound microscope?
Antony Van Leeuwenhoek
What magnification is the scanning lens?
4x
What magnification is the low power lense?
10x
What magnification is the high power lense?
40x
What magnification is the oil immersion lense?
100x
What magnification is the ocular lense?
10x
What is done to change the refractive index of a specimen?
Staining
What type of microscope uses two light beams that are split by prisms?
Differential interference contrast microscope
What type of microscope uses UV illumination and causes fluorescent compounds in the specimen to emit visible light?
Fluorescence microscopy
What are the 2 names for the FA technique?
Fluorescent-antibody technique
Immunofluorescence
What type of microscope uses specimens stained with fluorochromes that are illuminated one plane at a time with a short wavelength of light and then are used to produce a 3-D image?
Confocal microscope
What type of microscope uses sound waves sent through a specimen?
Scanning acoustic microscopy
What type of microscope uses a wavelength 100,000x smaller than visible light, increasing the resolution?
Electron microscope
What type of microscope runs a probe across the surface?
Scanned-probe microscope
What are the two ways that a specimen can be fixed on a slide?
Heat or methyl alcohol
What type of staining reveals the size and shape of a microbe?
Simple staining
What substance can be used with a simple stain to intensify staining?
Mordant
What are the 4 steps in a gram-staining procedure?
- Crystal violet
- Iodine
- Decolorizer
- Safranin
What type of bacteria will stain pink after gram-staining?
Gram-negative bacteria
What is the differential step in gram staining?
Decolorizer
What color will gram-positive bacteria stain in gram staining?
Purple
What is the counterstain in gram staining?
Safranin
What type of bacteria is stained by acid-fast staining?
Mycobacterium
What special stain can be used to view capsules?
Negative stain
What special stain can be used to to view endospores?
Shaeffer-fulton sstaining
What special stain can be used to view external structures that help with movement?
Flagella stain
