Module 5: Microbial Metabolism Flashcards
What process is known as degradation?
Catabolism
What process is known as biosynthesis?
Anabolism
What type of reaction is hydrolysis categorized as?
Catabolism and exergonic
What type of reaction is dehydration synthesis categorized as?
Anabolism and endergonic
How do enzymes speed up chemical reactions?
By lowering activation energy
What type of molecules are enzymes?
Proteins
What molecules bind to the active site of an enzyme?
Substrates
How are enzymes named?
The substrate they bind with or the reaction they catalyze
What are the enzyme, coenzyme and substrate collectively known as?
Holoenzyme
What part of the holoenzyme is inactive?
Apoenzyme
What part of the holoenzyme is the activator?
Coenzyme
What factor can increase enzyme activity?
Temperature
What is the point at which enzyme and substrate are at maximum functioning capacity but could not get any better?
Saturation point
What type of inhibitors bind at the same site that the substrate would?
Competitive inhibitors
What type of inhibitors bind at the allosteric site?
Non-competitive inhibitors
What is the term for a reaction that includes both oxidation and reduction?
Redox reactions
What are the three steps in cellular respiration?
Glycolysis
Krebs cycle
Electron transport chain
What are the products of glycolysis?
Pyruvic acid
ATP
NADH
What are the products or the Krebs cycle?
ATP
NADH
FADH2
CO2
What are the products of the electron transport chain?
NAD+
FAD
ATP
What are the two types of fermentation?
Lactic acid fermentation
Alcohol fermentation
How many ATP are produced in glycolysis?
2
How many pyruvic acid are produced in glycolysis?
2
What does pyruvic acid turn into during the transition reaction?
Acetyl coenzyme A
