Module 17: Specific Defenses Flashcards
How many classes of antibodies are there?
5
What is the name for the protein found in the human body that can protect against infection?
Antibody
How many antigen-binding sites to monomer antibodies have?
2
What types of light chain and heavy chain regions do typical antibodies have?
2 identical light chains
2 identical heavy chains
What part of the antigen do the antibodies interact with?
Epitope
What class of antibody exists as a pentamer?
IgM
What are the 5 classes of antibodies?
IgG
IgE
IgD
IgA
IgM
What type of molecule are t-dependent antigens?
ProteinsWh
What is the term for an antigenic foreign substance that had low molecular weight?
Hapten
What type of molecule are most antigens composed of?
Proteins or large polysaccharides
What is the process by which antigens are coated with antibodies?
Opsonization
What is the process in which IgG antibodies inactivate microbes by blocking their attachment to host cells?
Neutralization
What two components are needed for cell-mediated immunity?
T cells
Antigen-presenting cell
What is the process in which B cells are prolerated once they are activated?
Colonal expansion
Plasma cells are formed after the proliferation of what type of cell?
B cell
What does proliferation mean?
Rapid increase in numbers
What is the first antibody that B cells make during primary response?
IgM
Where does maturation of T cells occur?
In the thymus
What does cell-mediated immunity protect against?
Intracellular bacteria and viruses
What cells combat autoimmunity as their primary function?
T regulatory cells
What type of immunity is created through being infected with measles?
Naturally acquired active immunity
What type of immunity to vaccines convey?
Artificially acquired active immunity
What type of immunity is conveyed when antibodies are given by injection?
Artificially acquired passive immunity
What type of organisms is antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity effective against?
Organisms too big for phagocytosis
Where is the antigen binding site found on IgG antibodies?
The variable regions of the heavy chain and light chain
What type of vaccine is most likely to produce lifelong immunity without the need for a booster?
Attenuated vaccine
