Specialised Cells Flashcards
1
Q
How is a palisade leaf cell adapted for photosynthesis?
A
- Packed with chloroplasts (more at the top of cell so nearer to the light)
- Tall shape so more surface area and absorbs more CO2
- Thin shape so leaf can have many packed at the top of leaf
2
Q
What do guard cells do?
A
Open and close pores
3
Q
How are guard cells adapted?
A
- ‘Kidney like shape’ which open and close stomata
- When plant has lots of water guard cells fill with it and go plump and turgid this make the stomata open so gases can be exchanged for photosynthesis
- When plant is short of water, guard cells lose water and become flaccid so stomata closes, this stomach s water vapour escaping
- Thin outer walls and thick inner make opening and closing work
- Sensitive to light and close at night to save water
4
Q
What are red blood cells adapted to do?
A
Carry oxygen
5
Q
How are red blood cells adapted?
A
- Concave shape gives a big surface area for absorbing oxygen, helps them pass smoothly through capillaries
- Packed with haemoglobin which absorbs oxygen
- Have no nucleus so more room for haemoglobin
6
Q
What are sperm and egg cells adapted for?
A
Reproduction
7
Q
How are egg cell adapted?
A
- Carries female DNA
- Contains huge food reserves to feed embryo
- Once fertilised by sperm the membrane changes to stop other sperm from getting in
8
Q
How is a sperm cell adapted?
A
- Long tail and streamlined head to help swim
- Lots of mitochondrial to provide energy
- Carries enzymes in the head to digest through egg cell membrane
9
Q
What does the root hair cell do?
A
Absorbs water and minerals from soil
10
Q
How is a root hair cell adapted?
A
-Long shape and very thin wall which gives a very large surface area
