Enzymes and Digestion Flashcards
What does amylase break down?
Starch into sugars
Where is amylase found in the body?
Pancreas
Salivary Glands
Small Intestine
What does protease (pepsin) break down?
Proteins into amino acids
Where is protease found in the body?
Stomach
Pancreas
Small Intestine
What does lipase break down?
Lipids into fatty acids and glycerol
Where is lipase found in the body?
Small Intestine
Pancreas
Where is bile produced?
Liver
Where is bile stored?
Gall Bladder
What does bile do?
Neutralises stomach acid and emulsifies fats
Where is the bile released after it’s stored in the gall bladder?
Small intestine
Why is bile used to neutralise stomach acid?
Hydrochloric acid in acid makes the pH too acidic for enzymes in small intestine to work properly so bile is alkaline and neutralises acid
How does bile emulsify fats?
Breaks it down into tiny droplets, so bigger surface area for the lipase to work on=faster digestion
What is the order of the digestive system?
- Tongue
- Salivary Glands
- Gullet
- Stomach
- Pancreas
- Gall Bladder
- Liver
- Small Intestine
- Large Intestine
- Rectum
What do the salivary glands do?
Produce amylase in saliva
What does the stomach do?
- Pummels food with the muscular walls
- Produces pepsin
- Produces hydrochloric acid to kill bacteria and give the right pH for protease enzyme to work (pH2)
What does the liver do?
Produces bile which neutralises stomach acid and emulsifies fats
What does the gall bladder do?
Stores the bile before releasing it into the small intestine
What does the pancreas do?
Produces lipase, amylase and protease which are released into the small intestine
What does the small intestine do?
Produces amylase, lipase and protease
Digested food is absorbed out of the digestive system into the blood
What does the large intestine do?
Excess water is absorbed from the food
What does the rectum do?
Where the feaces are stored before being released by anus
