Special Senses (Lecture) Flashcards
What are the special senses?
- smell
- taste
- vision
- hearing
- equilibrium
Smell
sensed in olfactory nerve (CN I)
- goes down ethmoid bone
- chemical sensation
Taste
sensed on taste bud via sensory neurons
- papilla -> contain dozens of taste buds
- chemical sensation, textile, and temperature
- only sensory organ that can regenerate
Structures of the eye
- Orbit
- eyebrows
- eyelashes (cilia)
- eyelid
- conjunctiva
What are the glands of the eye?
- Lacrimal Gland
- Lacrimal caruncle
- Tarsal Glands
Describe the lacrimal gland
- tear production
- tears drain into naso-lacrimal duct
a) moisten eye
b) protects eye from infection (lysozyme)
Describe the lacrimal caruncle
- oily substance
a) lubricate eye
b) tear retention
Describe the tarsal glands
- oily substance
a) lubricate eye
b) tear retention
Lens shape for viewing near subjects vs far subjects
Near:
- ciliary body contracted
- lens round
Far:
- ciliary body relaxed
- lens elongated
What is presbyopia?
age-related far sightedness
What is the anterior cavity of the eye?
- everything anterior of the lens
- contains aqueous humor to nourish the cornea
What is glaucoma?
Excess aqueous humor causing excess pressure on the eye compressing blood vessel layer, destroying the retina
What is the posterior cavity of the eye?
- everything posterior of the lens
- contains vitreous humor to maintain the shape of the eye
What are cataracts?
cloudiness of the lens due to protein in lens being broken down
Tx: lens replacement
What is Macular degeneration?
Buildup of fluid between macula and choroid causing loss of nourishment to the macula. Results in loss of central vision, but retain peripheral vision
