Special Patient Care Flashcards

1
Q

who may a client be?

A

the animal’s owner or someone acting with the authority of the owner

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2
Q

when must care be taken if gaining consent from a client?

A

if the client is not the direct owner

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3
Q

what should a consent form be used in conjunction with?

A

a discussion with client usually lead by the VS

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4
Q

when can informed consent only be given?

A

by a client who has had the opportunity to consider a range of reasonable treatment options (including euthanasia) with associated fees and main risks explained

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5
Q

when must client consent to treatment be gained?

A

always obtained unless delay would adversely affect the animals welfare

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6
Q

what is most important when communicating risks and procedures to clients?

A

language is pitched to the clients level of understanding with limited medical jargon

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7
Q

who is responsible for gaining client consent?

A

VS prior to the procedure but can be delegated

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8
Q

when can gaining client consent be delegated?

A

if the person is suitably trained and has sufficient knowledge to understand procedure and risks involved

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9
Q

what must be done if the client does not wish to know the risks and costs of a procedure?

A

this must be documented on the clinical record/consent form

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10
Q

what should be done if more procedures than were consented for are needed during the period the animal is admitted?

A

every effort must be made to inform client prior to procedure being completed

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11
Q

once the client has signed the consent form what should happen to it?

A

be copied and one given to the owner, one stored on records

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12
Q

what 3 processes may a consent form be required for?

A

surgery
medical procedure
euthanasia

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13
Q

what should be included on a consent form for surgery/medical procedures?

A
patient name, sex and breed details
owner name and address
contact number
outline of cost
medical history
last meal/drink
surgery details
staff involved
owner signature and date
statement of risks/lack of owner contact in emergency
any other procedures
DNR
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14
Q

what is essential when gaining an owners contact number?

A

that they are able to be contacted on that number at all times

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15
Q

what areas of a pets medical history may be included on the consent form?

A

allergies, medication, previous procedures

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16
Q

what should we be wary of including on every consent form?

A

DNR - can be alarming for the owner if there pet is undergoing a basic procedure

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17
Q

what should be included on a euthanasia consent form?

A
animals details
owner details
practice details
date
method of disposal
donor options
signature of owner
consent for euthanasia
outline of costs and payment plans
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18
Q

what procedures must be remembered when discharging a patient?

A

ensure patient is ready to go home
talk to owner without animal present
verbally give details of aftercare
give written aftercare and bandage care sheets
book followup
give surgery contact including out of hours for owner to use if concerned
talk through medication and show how to dose

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19
Q

what can be used to help owners with pets on large drug regimen?

A

hospital drug sheet

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20
Q

can persons under 18 give informed consent and be liable for fees?

A

no - parent or guardian must co sign

21
Q

when must care be taken with under 18’s?

A

when prescribing controlled drugs

22
Q

what regulations must be followed with regards to client confidentiality?

A

GDPR

23
Q

what are VN’s responsible for the provision of to their patients?

A
warmth and security
food and drink
opportunities to toilet
monitoring TPR
mental stimulation
medication/dressings/wound care
personal care
24
Q

what does a holistic approach mean in medical terms?

A

to address patient as a whole rather than just the disease which they present

25
Q

what does a holistic approach consider?

A

physical, mental and emotional health as well as social factors

26
Q

how can patient assessment be structured?

A

SOAP

27
Q

what does SOAP stand for?

A

subjective
objective
assessment
planning

28
Q

what is the subjective observation?

A

personal view of animal as a whole which cannot be measured

29
Q

who usually completes the subjective observation?

A

nurse

30
Q

what is the objective observation?

A

measurements of wellbeing - TPR and pain scoring

31
Q

who usually completes the objective observation?

A

nurse

32
Q

what does an assessment of the patient include?

A

diagnosis and condition of the patient

33
Q

who usually completes assessment and plan sections of SOAP?

A

vet

34
Q

what does the plan include?

A

what needs to be done after reviewing observation and assessment, may include diagnostic tests and drug changes

35
Q

what are the basic nursing requirements?

A
heat
food/water
mobilisation
opportunity to urinate and defecate
mental stimulation
36
Q

when should hot water bottles/wheat bags only be used?

A

when the patient is able to move away from them

37
Q

why may mobility be compromised?

A

spinal problems
OA/joint disease
muscle disease
sedation/anaesthesia

38
Q

how should patients with limited ability to mobilise be managed?

A

food/water in reach
avoid ulcers and sores by regular turning and padded bedding
assist with toileting and place catheter if needed

39
Q

what should be recorded on patient records about urination and defecation?

A

volume, colour, effort, quality

40
Q

what nursing care must take place of neonates/premature when they are born?

A

clear airways and establish good ventilation
clamp/tie off umbilicus
dry off baby
keep warm with high environmental temperature
may provide O2

41
Q

what should be assessed during examination of neonate?

A
body weight
orifices checked, present and functioning
umbilicus clean with no herniation
no congenital abnormalities
good mobility and movement
feeding well
good urination and defecation
42
Q

what care changes may be made if the neonate is orphaned?

A

colostrum within 1st 12 hours
feed commercially available formulas
can be fed by bottle or feeding tube (bottle is best)
weight monitored closely on weight chart
encourage urination and defecation by wiping genitals with wet swab during feeding

43
Q

what additional needs may geriatric patients have?

A
struggle to adapt to change
loss of sensory organs
pre existing disease
slower to recover
poor muscle coverage
require more sleep
44
Q

what may be required if the patient has hearing or sight loss?

A

hearing - hand signals

sight - use of touch and maintenance of routine

45
Q

what are the most common issues associated with the recumbent patient?

A
boredom
decubitus ulcers
urine scalding
muscle atrophy
hypostatic pneumonia
46
Q

what extra nursing care is required in the comatose patient?

A
maintain airway
physio and coupage
IV catheter care
management of defecation and urination
all those considered when caring for recumbent patient
47
Q

what is coupage?

A

personal care -e.g. grooming, eye lubrication, dampening and cleaning of oral cavity

48
Q

what is the key to good nursing care?

A

careful client questioning