Special aspects of drug use in pregnancy and lactation Flashcards
What is reproductive toxicology?
Reproductive toxicology is the study of causes, mechanisms, effects, and prevention of disturbances throughout the reproductive cycle caused by chemicals.
What is teratology?
Teratology is the science concerned with birth defects of a structural nature (dysmorphology).
What is the critical period for drug use during pregnancy?
The first trimester is a critical period for drug use during pregnancy, especially due to the risk of teratogenic effects.
What is thalidomide known for?
Thalidomide is known for causing severe birth defects, such as phocomelia, when taken during pregnancy.
What are the four principles of drug-induced reproductive toxicology?
- Specific substance in a particular dose, 2. Genetically susceptible species, 3. Conceptus in a susceptible stage of development, 4. Mode of action of reproductive toxic drugs.
What is fetal alcohol syndrome?
Fetal alcohol syndrome is a condition caused by alcohol consumption during pregnancy, leading to developmental and physical abnormalities in the fetus.
What is the effect of cocaine on a fetus?
Cocaine can cause CNS, intestinal, and kidney damage in the fetus.
What is the effect of tetracycline on a fetus after week 15?
Tetracycline can cause discoloration of teeth in the fetus if taken after week 15 of pregnancy.
What is the effect of valproic acid on a fetus?
Valproic acid can cause spina bifida and multiple malformations in the fetus.
What is the effect of vitamin A overdose during pregnancy?
Vitamin A overdose (>25,000 IU/day) can cause ear, CNS, cardiovascular, and skeletal disorders in the fetus.
