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Spain Flashcards

1
Q

Where is Abona D.O. and what styles of wines are produced here?

A

Abona is DO in the small semi-desert south of Tenerife Island in the Canary Islands.

Blanco, Tinto, Rosado, Vino de Licor, Vino Espumoso, Vino de Aguja Gasificado, and Vino de Dulce Clásicos are styles produced here.

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2
Q

What is Vino de Licor?

A

Spanish for Vin de Liqueur or a wine in which alcohol has been added to produce either a Mistela ( addition before fermentation), Vino Dulce Naturale (addition during), or Vino Generoso de Licor (after fermentation)

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3
Q

What is Vino de Aguja Gasificado?

A

Spanish term for semi-sparkling wine. Produced when must is allowed to ferment slightly before being transferred to a pressurized tank. Fermentation continues there and then wine is bottled under pressure. Wine is bottled with 1-2.5atm of pressure. Literally means “needle wine” and refers to the slight prickly sensation of the light effervescence.

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4
Q

Which white grape covers more acreage than any other in the world?

A

Airén

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5
Q

What adaptation of Albriño make it suitable to the particularly damp climate of Rias Baixas?

A

Thick skins which protect against splitting as a result of swelling of the grape following rain.

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6
Q

What are the grape requirements for white Ribera del Duero wine?

A

Min 75% Albillo Mayor

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7
Q

Where is the Alella DO and what is the principal grape and style here?

A

Near Barcelona in Catalunya.

Pansa Blanca (Xarel-lo) is the principal grape here and while the old style here was medium-sweet, cask-aged white wines, sparkling wines are most commonly made with Pansa Blanca along with Chardonnay and Chenin Blanc.

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8
Q

In what DOs is the Doble Pasta style produced? What does this style entail?

A

Mostly in Utiel Requena DO and Alicante DO though also traditionally produced in Jumilla, Yecla, and Manchuela.

Style of dark and concentrated wine produced by running off a proportion of fermenting must after two days and adding more crushed grapes to refill the vat.

The ration of skins to pulp is effectively doubled (hence the name) producing wine with a deep, black color and very high levels of tannin.

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9
Q

In what DO is Fondillón produced? What are the grape and aging requirements for this wine?

A

Alicante DO

100% Overripe Monastrell grapes

Min 10 years in wood prior to bottling and release.

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10
Q

Where is Almansa DO and what styles of wine are produced here?

A

Located in the eastern corner of Castilla-La Mancha, bordered by Manchuela to the north, Valencia to the east, and Jumilla and Yecla to the south.

Known for full-bodied sturdy reds from Monastrell and Garnacha Tintorera as well as Syrah. Blanco and Rosado are also produced here.

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11
Q

What are the 5 DOs of Andalucia?

A 
Condado de Huelva DO
Montilla-Morilles DO
Malaga DO
Sierras de Malaga DO
Jerez-Xerez-Sherry DO
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12
Q

What are the 4 DOs of Aragon?

A

Somontano DO
Calatayud DO
Campo de Borja DO
Cariñena DO

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13
Q

What is the DO that was created in 2008 for the land between RIoja and Ribera del Duero located north of Ribera del Duero? Which of these is its climate most similar to?

A

Arlanza DO

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14
Q

Which DO shares the border with Porto DOP?

A

Arribes

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15
Q

What are 3 top producers of Rioja located in Basque Country?

A 
Contino
Remirez de Ganuza 
Artadi
Contino
Marques de Riscal
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16
Q

What are the 3 DOs of Basque Country from West to East?

A

Arabako Txakolina DO
Bizkaiko Txakolina DO
Getariako Txakolina DO

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17
Q

What is Trousseau known as in Galicia? Portugal?

A

Merenzao in Galicia; Bastardo in Portugal

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18
Q

What is the name of the river that bisects the Bierzo DO?

A

Sil

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19
Q

What are the top performing red and white grapes of Bierzo DO? What is the most prized soil types there?

A

Mencia for red wines and Godello for white wines

Slate and Granite are the prized soil types.

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20
Q

What is Spain’s second-most planted grape and where are most of the plantings of it?

A

Bobal

Mostly in the SE part of Spain where it is commonly used for the production of bulk wine.

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21
Q

What is the DO of Mustiguillo? What red grape are they known as a top producer of?

A

Utiel-Requena

Known for high quality Bobal

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22
Q

What are 4 DOs that produce the most Bobal-based red wines?

A

Utiel-Requena DO
Valencia DO
Manchuela DO
Ribera del Jucar DO

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23
Q

In Rioja, what can often be said about the blend in a wine by looking at the shape of the bottle?

A

Richer, Garnacha-based wines are usually bottled in Burgundy bottles.

Tempranillo-based wines meant for more long-term aging are often bottled in Bordeaux bottles.

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24
Q

What is the top red grape of Murcia? What are the three DOs of this autonomia?

A

Monastrell

Yecla DO
Jumilla DO
Bullas DO

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25
Q

What is the main red grape of Calatayud DO? What river flows through here?

A

Grenache; Jalon

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26
Q

What are the DOs of the Canary Islands from West to East?

A 
El Hierro DO
La Palma DO
La Gomera DO
Ycoden-Daute-Isora DO
Abona DO
Valle de la Orotava DO
Valle de Guímar DO
Tacorante Acentejo DO
Gran Canaria DO
Lanzarote DO
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27
Q

What are the 5 DOs of Tenerife?

A 
Ycoden-Daute-Isora DO
Valle de la Orotava DO
Tacoronte-Acentejo DO
Valle de Guímar DO
Abona DO
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28
Q

What is the DO of Vino de Tea? What is it?

A

La Palma DO; wine that is made red or rosé in style from mostly Tinta Negra that is aged in Canary Pine (Tea) barrels giving the wine a resinous flavor.

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29
Q

What is Mazuelo?

A

Synonym for Carignan in Spain

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30
Q

What are the 8 Vino de Pagos of Castilla-La Mancha?

A 
Dominio de Valdepusa
Finca Élez
Guijoso
Dehesa del Carrizal
Pago Florentino
Campo de la Guardia
Casa del Blanco
Pago Calzadilla
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31
Q

What is the synonym for Tempranillo in Castilla-La Mancha?

A

Cencibel

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32
Q

What are the 8 DO of Castilla-La Mancha?

A 
Almansa DO
La Mancha DO
Manchuela DO
Méntrida DO
Mondéjar DO
Ribera del Jucar DO
Uclés DO
Valdepeñas DO
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33
Q

Marqués de Griñon is associated with what Vino de Pago?

A

Dominio de Valdepusa

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34
Q

Which mountain range influences the climate of Ribera del Duero DO?

A

Cordillera Cantabria

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35
Q

What is the synonym for Tempranillo in Castilla y Léon?

A

Tinta del País
Tinto Fino
Tinto Aragonés
Tinta de Toro

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36
Q

Cigales DO specializes in what style of rosé?

A

Rosado

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37
Q

What are the DOs of Castilla y Léon from west to east?

A 
Arribes DO
Bierzo DO
Tierra del Vino de Zamora DO
Tierra de Léon
Toro DO
Rueda DO
Cigales DO
Ribera del Duero DO
Arlanza DO
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38
Q

What is Tempranillo called in Catlunya?

A

Ull de Llebre

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39
Q

What are the 10 DOs of Catalunya?

A 
Alella DO
Emporda DO
Conca de Barbera DO
Costers del Segre DO
Montsant DO
Penedes DO 
Pla de Bages DO
Priorat DO
Terra Alta DO
Tarragona DO
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40
Q

What is the birthplace of Cava and who is considered the father of this style? When was this?

A

Sant Sadurni d’Anoia; José Raventos in the 1870s

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41
Q

What are the two largest Cava firms?

A

Freixenet

Codorníu

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42
Q

What is the main white grape of Cava? What are the others?

A

Macabeo usually makes up around 50% of the blend; Xarel-lo, Parelada are the other indigenous whites.

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43
Q

For what styles of Cava is the grape Trepat authorized?

A

Only rosé

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44
Q

What are the 9 grapes permitted for the production of Cava?

A 
5 White:
Macabeo
Xarel-lo
Parellada
Chardonnay
Malvazia
4 Red:
Garnacha
Monastrell
Pinot Noir
Trepat
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45
Q

What are the aging requirements for the 4 different levels of quality for Cava DO wines?

A

Cava: min 9 months on lees

Cava Reserva: min 15 months on lees

Cava Gran Reserva: min 30 months on lees

Cava de Paraje: min 36 months on lees

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46
Q

What is the max press yield for Cava wine?

A

100L per 150kg of grapes

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47
Q

What is the max yield of Cava vs Cava de Paraje?

A

12 tons/ha for Cava

8.8 tons/ha for Cava de Paraje

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48
Q

What are 5 requirements for Cava de Paraje?

A

Must be vintage dated

Must be Brut, Extra Brut, Brut Nature

Min 36 months on lees prior to disgorgement

No Acidification

Vines must be a minimum age of 10 years old.

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49
Q

What is the minimum vine age for Cava DO?

A

min 10 years

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50
Q

What is the Spanish synonym for Gobelet?

A

En Vaso / En Vas

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51
Q

Where is Cigales DO and what style is traditionally produced here?

A

North of Valladolid

Traditional style here is dry still rosé produced from old vine Tinto del Pais (Tempranillo) and Garnacha

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52
Q

Who produces “Milmanda” and “Grans Muralles” and what is the DO?

A

Miguel Torres

Conca de Barberá DO

Milmanda is a single vineyard barrel fermented Chardonnay.

Grans Muralles is a red blend of Garnacha, Cariñena, and Monastrell with indigenous grapes Garró and Querol

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53
Q

What is the name of Spain’s only appellation of origin for aromatized wine? What is it and where is it produced?

A

Vino Naranja del Condado de Huelva PGI

Produced within the same geographical boundaries of the Condado de Huelva DO. Vino Naranja is an aromatized wine that uses typically a base of either wine or mistelle produced from the native Zalema grape and fortified with a spirit macerated with dried bitter orange peels at 200g/L concentration for 6 months and then combined with the base and aged for 2 years in oak.

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54
Q

How many styles of wine are produced in Condado de Huelva DO and what are they?

A 
4 Styles:
Condado Palido (similar to Fino Sherry)

Condado Viejo (solera-aged rancio style similar to Oloroso Sherry)

Vino Naranja (aromatized wine)

Vino Joven (unfortified table wine)

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55
Q

Who makes up a DO’s Consejo Regulador?

A

Vine growers, wine producers, and merchants.

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56
Q

What is the top cooperative in Spain?

A

Martin Codax

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57
Q

What is the traditional glass for serving Sherry?

A

Copita

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58
Q

What is the Spanish term for “Vintage”?

A

Cosecha

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59
Q

The DO Costers del Segre is named after what tributary? What river is it a tributary of?

A

Segre

It is a tributary of the Ebro River

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60
Q

What is the DO of the Raimat vineyard?

A

Costers del Segre DO

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61
Q

What are the standard aging requirements in Spain for a wine labeled Crianza?

A

Red wines must be aged a minimum of 24 months including at least 6 months in oak.(330L Capacity)

White wines must be aged a minimum of 18 months with at least 6 months in oak. (330L Capacity)

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62
Q

What are the DOP aging requirements for Noble, Añejo, Viejo?

A

Noble: Min 18 months in a cask of less than 600L or bottle

Añejo: Min 24 months in a cask of less than 600L or bottle.

Viejo: Min 36 months and demonstrates marked oxidative character.

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63
Q

What does the term “Joven” indicate on a bottle of Spanish wine?

A

The wine is meant to be enjoyed young while its fresh and fruity. It is likely to have seen little to no aging in oak barrel.

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64
Q

In what year was Rioja granted DOCa status? Priorat?

A

Rioja in 1991

Priorat in 2002

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65
Q

What was the first DO established and when was this? When did it become DOCa?

A

Rioja in 1926; became a DOCa in 1991

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66
Q

What is Catalan for DOCa?

A

DOQ/Denominaciò d’Origen Qualificada

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67
Q

What is the DO of Tanajara and the top performing grape at this estate?

A

El Hierro DO (Canary Islands)

Baboso Negro/Alfrocheiro Preto

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68
Q

Which DO borders Banyuls at the border?

A

Empordà DO

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69
Q

What DO is home to Mas Estela, Masia Serra, and Mas Oller?

A

Empordà DO

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70
Q

What is the single DO of Extremadura?

A

Ribera del Guadiana DO

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71
Q

Manuel Manzaneque is associated most with what DO Pago? Where is this?

A

Finca Elez; located within La Mancha

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72
Q

As of 2019 what are the three new geographical indications for wine in Rioja?

A

Viñedo Singular
Vinos de Municipio
Vinos de Zona

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73
Q

What is the min % of red grapes used in the production of Rioja rosado?

A

min 25%

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74
Q

What are the min% of authorized red grapes used for the production of Rioja red wines?

A

Min 95% if destemmed; min 85% if whole-clusters are used.

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75
Q

What is the min abv for Rioja white and red wines for Reserva and Gran Reserva?

A

Whites require a min 11%

Reds require a min 12%

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76
Q

Is Chaptalization illegal in Rioja DOCa?

A

Yes!

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77
Q

What are the aging requirements for Rioja Vino Espumoso Calidad? Vino Espumoso Calidad Reserva? Vino Espumoso Calidad Gran Añada?

A

VEC: min 15 months on lees following tirage prior to disgorgement.

VEC Reserva: min 24 months on lees following tirage prior to disgorgement

VEC Gran Añada: min 36 months on lees following tirage prior to disgorgement

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78
Q

May Rioja Vino Espumoso Calidad Gran Añada be NV?

A

NO. This must always be from a single vintage.

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79
Q

What are 5 production requirements for Vino Espumoso Calidad?

A

Must be produced using the Traditional Method

Mandatory Manual Harvest

Entire production process from prefermentation to postfermentation labeling must take place in the same location.

No coloring, no additions, or any filtration may occur throughout the entire process.

Pressure must be at least 3.5 bars

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80
Q

What are the sweetness level designations for Rioja Vino Espumoso Calidad?

A

Brut Nature: Less than 3g/L RS and has received no dosage

Extra Brut: Max 6g/L RS

Brut: Max 12g/L RS

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81
Q

What are the three permitted vine training methods for Rioja DOCa?

A

Double Guyot

En Vaso (bush trained)

Vara y Pulgar

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82
Q

Which vine training method in Rioja is not allowed for the production of Viura, Malvasia, and Garnacha Blanca?

A

Double Guyot

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83
Q

What are the max yields for Rioja Viñedo Singular for Red and White wines?

A

Red: 32.5 hl/ha
White: 45hl/ha

84
Q

What are the max press yields for Rioja Vino Espumoso Calidad?

A

62L per 100kg

85
Q

What is the size of the barrel that must be used for the aging of Rioja DOCa red, white, and rosé wines?

A

225L

86
Q

What are the aging requirements for Rioja Crianza, Reserva, and Gran Reserva Red wines?

A

Crianza: Min 2 years including at least 1 year in oak

Reserva: Min 3 years including at least 1 year in oak and 6 months in bottle

Gran Reserva: Min 5 years including at least 2 years in oak and 2 years in bottle

87
Q

What are the aging requirements for Rioja Crianza, Reserva, an Gran Reserva white and rosé wines?

A

Crianza: min 18 months including at least 6 months in oak (remainder of time may be in oak, bottle, or stainless steel)

Reserva: Min 2 years including at least 6 months in oak (remainder of time must be in bottle or oak)

Gran Reserva: Min 4 years including at least 6 months in oak (remainder must be in bottle or oak)

88
Q

What are 5 requirements for Viñedo Singular wines?

A

Vineyard must be approved by a regulatory board.

Winery must have a 10 year history working with the vineyard.

Mandatory Manual Harvest

100% of grapes must come from the named vineyard.

Wines must be produced, aged, and bottled at named winery.

Harvest of grapes destined for a Viñedo Singular wine must be communicated to the Consejo Regulador prior to harvest.

Consejo Regulador may assume control of the vineyard from July 1st onward to insure integrity of the production.

Arrival of the fruit along with its weight must be recorded on the Tarjeta de Viticultor and submitted to Consejo Regulador for review.

89
Q

What are the grape provenance requirements for Rioja Vinos de Municipio?

A

Grapes must come from exclusively of the named municipio. However, Max 15% of outside grapes can be used as long as these sources have a 10 year working history associated with the vineyard.

90
Q

What are the grape provenance requirements for Rioja Vinos de Zona?

A

Grapes used must come exclusively from the named Zona though max of 15% outside grapes can be used as long as the grapes have a 10 year working history associated with the vineyard.

91
Q

What are the production requirements for Vinos de Zona and Vinos de Municipios?

A

Vinification, aging, and bottling must occur within the geographic designation.

92
Q

What are the two main soil type of Rioja Alta?

A

Yellow Calcareous Clay: associated with the northern areas.

Red, iron-rich Clay: associated with the lower slopes south of the Ebro River

93
Q

What is the dominant soil type of the Rioja Alavesa?

A

Calcareous Clay

94
Q

What are the main soil types of the Rioja Oriental?

A

Iron-rich clay but mostly alluvial soils east of the Iregua River

95
Q

What river forms the natural boundary between Rioja Alta and Rioja Oriental?

A

Iregua River

96
Q

What are the 5 DOs of Galicia from west to east?

A 
Rias Baixas DO
Ribeiro DO
Ribeira Sacra DO
Monterrei DO
Valdeorras DO
97
Q

What DO of Castilla y Leon borders Valdeorras DO?

A

Bierzo DO

98
Q

What is the youngest DO in Galicia?

A

Monterrei DO

99
Q

What is the Spanish synonym for Garnacha Tintorera?

A

Alicante Bouschet

100
Q

What is the Catalan synonym for Monastrell?

A

Garrut

101
Q

What is Godello called in Portugal?

A

Gouveio

102
Q

What VCIG is home to the highest vineyards on continental Europe?

A

Vinos de Granda VCIG

103
Q

What are the two VCIG in Andalusia?

A

Vinos de Granada VCIG

Lebrija VCIG

104
Q

What is granvas?

A

Granvas is the Spanish term for sparkling wine produced by the tank or Charmat method.

105
Q

What is a grape called in Spain?

A

Uva

106
Q

What two DOs are located in the Sierra de Gredos?

A

Vinos de Madrid DO

Méntrida DO

107
Q

What is a girasol another name for?

A

Girasol, which means “sunflower” in Spanish is another name for gyropalette.

Sunflowers like the gyropalette also turns during a 24 hour time and thus how the apparatus received its name.

108
Q

Which grape is used for the production of red and rosé Txakoli?

A

Hondarrabi Beltza

109
Q

Which grape is used primarily for the production of white Txakoli?

A

Hondarrabi Zuri

110
Q

What are the three Vinos de Pago located within Navarra? What subregion is each associated with?

A 
Bodegas Otazu (Valdizarbe)
Arínzano (Tierre Estella)
Prado de Irache (Tierra Estella)
111
Q

What is the youngest Vino de Pago and where is this located?

A

Chozas Carrascal in 2020; Utiel-Requena (Valencia)

112
Q

What are the 12 Vinos de Pago found in Castilla La Mancha?

A 
Calzadilla
Campo de la Guardia
Casa del Blanco
Dominio de Valdepusa
Dehesa del Carrizal
El Vicario
Finca Élez
Florentino
Guijoso
La Jaraba
Los Cerillos
Vallegarcia
113
Q

What are the 4 Vinos de Pagos located in Utiel-Requena (Valencia)?

A

El Terrerazo
Los Balagueses
Vera de Estensas
Chozas Carrascal

114
Q

What is the Vino de Pago located in Cariñena?

A

Aylés

115
Q

What are the RS levels for each category of Vino Generoso de Licor? For which style is each typically made from?

A

Dry: 5-45g/L
Medium: 5-115g/L (Amontillado)
Pale Cream: 45-115g/L (Fino)
Cream: 115-140g/L (Oloroso)

116
Q

What are the three principal soil types of Jerez?

A

Albariza (limestone)
Arenas (sand)
Barros (clay)

117
Q

For what style of Cava may the Trepat grape be used?

A

Exclusively rosado

118
Q

What type of wine is Sobremadre?

A

White and red wines generally from Madrid made by long maceration for up to 180 days which effectively produced highly extracted red wines and orange wines.

119
Q

What is the minimum vine age for Priorat Velles Vinyes?

A

Vines must be plated before 1945 or a minimum of 75 years old.

120
Q

What is the minimum % of Mencia in Ribeira Sacra red wine?

A

Min 70%

121
Q

What are three red grapes that may be used for the production of Vinho Verde red wine?

A 
Amaral
Borraçal
Brancelho/Alvarelhao
Espadeiro
Padeiro
Pedral
Vinhão
Rabo-de-Anho
122
Q

What are three DOs that the Sil River flows through?

A

Bierzo DO
Valdeorras DO
Ribeira Sacra DO

123
Q

What DO would you find the subregion Tierra de Barros?

A

Ribera del Guadiana DO

124
Q

Granvas is the Spanish term for what?

A

Charmat method of producing sparkling wine.

125
Q

Prieto Picudo is the signature grape of what DO?

A

Tierra de Leon DO

126
Q

What are two vintages of Rioja in the past 10 years to avoid?

A

2014 and 2013 because these were cool and rainy vintages so the wines were thin with some vines were severely affected by mildew and rot.

127
Q

In which DO doe the Miño, Avia, and Arnoia rivers converge?

A

Ribeiro DO

128
Q

What are 4 authorized grapes permitted for the production of Rioja Blanco?

A 
Viura
Chardonnay
Malvasia
Sauvignon Blanc
Verdejo
Garnacha Blanca
Maturana Blanca
Tempranillo Blanca
Turruntés
129
Q

What are two top vintages of Rioja from the 1990’s?

A

‘94 and ‘95

130
Q

Viña Real, Contino, and Imperial are wines from which producer?

A

CVNE

131
Q

What symbol must Cava producers carry on cork?

A

The 4 pointed star

132
Q

What is the Tejo River called in Spain?

A

Tagus

133
Q

What factors contributed to Rioja’s establishment as a standard-bearer for wine quality in Spain during the 19th century?

A

The development of the railroad network and the onset of phylloxera in the late 1800s.

134
Q

What is the minimum of principal grapes that must be present in Ribeiro Sacra red and white wines labeled “Summum”?

A

min 85% preferential or principal varietals

135
Q

What percentage of Tempranillo must be present in Rioja red wine?

A

There is no minimal percentage requirement. Wines must be a minimum 85% authorized grapes if whole-cluster or minimum 95% authorized grapes if destemmed.

136
Q

What are the 5 authorized red grapes for Rioja Tinto?

A 
Tempranillo
Garnacha
Mazuelo
Graciano
Maturana Tinto
137
Q

What are 5 Vi di Villa in Priorat?

A 
Bellmunt del Monsant
Torroja
Gratallops
Escaladei
Poboleda
Falset
Villeja Alta
Villeja Baixa
Solanes del Terme de El Molar
138
Q

What is Marco de Jerez?

A

This is the top Sherry producing region between the three principal town of Sanlúcar, Jerez de la Frontera, and El Puerto

139
Q

What are a few reasons that Sherry butts are painted black?

A

Easier to spot a leak, to prevent undesirable bacteria from infecting the wood over the decades.

140
Q

What is the minimum abv for Vinho Verde wines? What is the minimu abv% for varietal Alvarinho wines?

A

Min 8% for VInho Verde wines; min 11.5% for varietal Alvarinho wines.

141
Q

What are the two main valleys of Priorat?

A

Montsant Valley and the Siurana Valley

142
Q

Where would the soil type called “Loussas” be found and what is its composition?

A

Ribeira Sacra DO specifically in the Amandi and Ribeiras do Sil subzones.

Slate

143
Q

What is the star grape of Navarra?

A

Garnacha though Tempranillo accounts for a majority of plantings here.

144
Q

What are the aging requirements for Rioja crianza red wine?

A

min 2 years total with at least 1 year in oak

145
Q

What are the aging requirements for Rioja crianza white and rosado?

A

min 18 months with at least 6 months in oak (remainder may be in bottle, oak, or stainless steel)

146
Q

Which winery is René Barbier associated with?

A

Clos Mogador

147
Q

What was the first DO Pago established and when was this?

A

Marques de Griñon’s Dominio de Valdepusa in 2003

148
Q

Alfaro is the principal town of what Rioja subzone?

A

Rioja Baja

149
Q

Haro is the principal town of what Rioja subzone?

A

Rioja Alta

150
Q

Labastida is the principal town of what Rioja subzone?

A

Rioja Alaveza

151
Q

In what DO would you most likely encounter wines labeled “Súmmum”?

A

Ribeira Sacra DO

152
Q

What is the min % of Mencia in Ribeira Sacra DO red wine?

A

Min 70%; total blend must be comprised of a min 85% principal red grapes of the DO

153
Q

What river flows through Valdeorras DO?

A

Sil

154
Q

What is the primary red grape of Manchuela DO?

A

Bobal

155
Q

Which three DO does the Sil River flow through? Name them from West to East.

A

Ribeira Sacra, Valdeorras, and Bierzo

156
Q

What two subzones of Rias Baixas are located along the Minho River?

A

Condado do Tea and O Rosal

157
Q

What is the most productive subzone of Rias Baixas?

A

Val do Salnes

158
Q

Who produces Castillo y Gay?

A

Marques de Murrieta

159
Q

In addition to crianza, reserva, and gran reserva what are the three other designations that exist for wines aged longer in cask and/or bottle prior to release? What are the aging requirements for each?

A

Noble: Min 18 months in cask of less than 600L or bottle

Añejo: Min 24 months in cask of less than 600L or bottle

Viejo: Min 36 months aging and demonstrates marked oxidative character.

160
Q

What is the producer and DO of “Pesus”?

A

Viña Sastre; Ribera del Duero DO

161
Q

What is the producer and DO of “Malleolus”?

A

Emilio Moro; Ribera del Duero DO

162
Q

Which winemaker is associated with Do Ferreiro?

A

Gerardo Mendez

163
Q

Peter Sissek is the winemaker of what winery?

A

Pingus

164
Q

Daphne Glorian is associated with what winery?

A

Clos Erasmus

165
Q

What are the 5 original Clos of Priorat?

A 
Clos Mogador
Clos Martinet
Clos Erasmus
Clos de L'Obac
Clos Dofi
166
Q

What are the 3 best vintages of Ribera del Duero between 1990-1994?

A

1990, 1991, and 1994

167
Q

What are the four provinces of Ribera del Duero?

A

Valladolid
Burgos
Segovia
Soria

168
Q

What are the 5 subzones of Ribeira Sacra?

A 
Chantada
Amandi
Ribeiras do Miño
Ribeiras do Sil
Quiroga-Bibei
169
Q

What are 3 wineries making quality Manzanilla Sherry?

A

Hidaldo-La Gitana
Barbadillo
Equipo Navazos

170
Q

What are the 4 types of Manzanilla? What is a Palo Cortado produced in Sanlucar called?

A

Manzanilla Fina
Manzanilla Pasada
Manzanilla Amontillada
Manzanilla Olorosa

Jerez Cortado is the name for a Palo Cortado produced in Sanlucar.

171
Q

What is the name of the river that flows next to Sanlucar de Barrameda?

A

Guadalquivir River

172
Q

What is the minimum RS for the following Vino Dulce Naturale: Moscatel, Dulce, and Pedro Ximinez?

A

Moscatel and Dulce are both min 160g/L

Pedro Ximenez is a min 212g/L

173
Q

What is the alcohol range for Fino Sherry?

A

15-17%

174
Q

What is the min abv for Amontillado Sherry? Max?

A

Min 16%

Max 22%

175
Q

What is the min abv% for Oloroso and Palo Cortado Sherry?

A

Min 17%

176
Q

What styles of Sherry may be labelled with the two certified age designations VOS and VORS?

A

Amontillado, Oloroso, Palo Cortado, and Pedro Ximénez Dulce Naturale

177
Q

What are the max yields for Jerez Superior? What is the max yields for other vineyards?

A

Max 80hl/ha for Jerez Superior

Max 100hl/ha for other vineyards

178
Q

What does Jerez Superior refer to?

A

Refers to a production area of vineyards planted on albariza soils in the towns of Sanlucar de Barrameda, El Puerto de Santa Maria, Jerez de la Frontera, Chipiona, Trebujena and Rota that are known for producing superior quality Sherry.

179
Q

The Jerez Triangle refers to what? What changed regarding this zone in 2023?

A

This refers to the aging and maturation zone for quality Sherry. Sherry must be aged in one of the three towns making up the points of the triangle: Sanlucar de Barramadea, El Puerto de Santa Maria, and Jerez de la Frontera are the three towns.

Sherry is no longer required by law to be aged exclusively in these three villages and now can be aged in the municipalities of Lebrija, Trebujena, Chipiona, Rota, Chiclana, Puerto Real.

180
Q

What is the max RS for Vino Generoso wine in Jerez?

A

Max 5g/L

181
Q

What are the aging requirements for all Sherry wine? What was it prior to 2010?

A

All wines must be aged in solera for a min 2 years. 3 years prior to 2010

182
Q

What are the 4 rivers that converge in Ribeiro DO whose valleys give rise to the slopes on which viticulture has been established there?

A

Miño
Sil
Avia
Arnoia

183
Q

Vino Tostado is produced in what DO primarily? Which other DO in Galicia is this produced in?

A

Ribeiro DO mainly, though this is often produced in Valdeorras DO from min 85% Godello

184
Q

What is the coolest and wettest subzone of Rias Baixas?

A

Val do Salnes

185
Q

Where does the Sil River begin?

A

In the Cantabrian mountains

186
Q

Pizzara soils are what?

A

Slate

187
Q

Verdelho in Spain is known as what?

A

Godello

188
Q

The Tamega River and Sierra de Larouca Mountains are defining and key geographical features of what DO?

A

Monterrei DO

189
Q

What is the minimum vine age for Rioja Viñedo Singular?

A

Min 35 years

190
Q

What is the name of the Vino de la Tierra area that overlaps a large part of Rioja and what is the start grape here that must account for a min 85%?

A

Valles de Sadacia VT; min 85% combined Muscat Blanc and Muscat of Alexandria called Moscatel de Grano Menudo and Moscatel de Alejandria respectively.

191
Q

What are three top producers of Rioja located in the Rioja Alta subzone?

A 
Lopez de Herredia
Marques de Murrieta
Bodegas Muga
La Rioja Alta
Marques de Caceres
192
Q

What are two top produers located in Rioja Alaveza?

A

Remelluri and Marques de Riscal

193
Q

What is the appellation of Bodegas Palacios Remondo?

A

Rioja DOCa

194
Q

What is the prized soil type of Priorat and what is it composed of?

A

Llicorella; decomposed slate and quartz

195
Q

What does Vi de Finca indicate on a bottle of Priorat wine?

A

Single Vineyard

196
Q

In what year did Rioja become a DOCa? Priorat?

A

Rioja in 1991; Priorat in 2009

197
Q

What is the vine age for wines designated Gran Vino de Rueda?

A

Min 30 years old

198
Q

What is Grandes Pagos de Espana? What are three members?

A

Association of producers in Spain that focuses on the elaboration and promotion of high quality single estate wines in Spain.

Valdespino
Abadia Retuerta
Bodegas Mauro

199
Q

Which styles of Cava must be vintage-dated?

A

Cava de Guarda
Cava de Paraje Calificado

200
Q

Which style of Cava must come from organically-farmed vines?

A

Cava de Guarda

201
Q

What color foil would Cava de Guarda have?

A

Green

202
Q

What color foil would Cava de Guarda Reserva/Cava Reserva have?

A

Silver

203
Q

What color foil would Cava de Guarda Gran Reserva/Gran Reserva have?

A

Gold

204
Q

What color foil would Cave de Paraje Calificado have?

A

Antique Gold

205
Q

What does “Elaborador Integral” indicate on a bottle of Cava?

A

That the winery controls the entire production of the cava from harvesting to bottling takes place within its own facilities and vineyards.

This is a seal or stamp that will be present on the front or back of the label.

206
Q

What are the requirements for Corpinat sparkling wine?

A

Min 18 months on the lees.

Made form min 90% indigenous grapes to the area and produced from vineyards located within a delimited zone.

Fruit must be hand-harvested and organically-grown

207
Q
A

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