Beer, Sake, Spirits Flashcards
Bohemia refers to where?
The western part of the Czech Republic
What two styles of beer receive complexity from Brettanomyces?
Lambic and Geuze
What is Medronho?
brandy produced in the Algarve area of Portugal from distilled fruit of a wild strawberry tree (not the strawberry we know)
What are the aging requirements for Añejo Tequila?
Min 1 year in oak
What are the aging requirements for Blanco Tequila?
Max 2 months aging
What are the aging requirements for Reposado Tequila?
Min 2 months aging in oak
What are the aging requirements for Extra Añejo Tequila?
Min 3 years aging in oak
What are two producers in Cambeltown?
Glen Scotia
Glengyle
Springbank
Where is Malibu from and what is the flavor?
Coconut liqueur made from a rum base; Barbados
What is the standard size of an American Bourbon barrel?
53 gal / 200L
For how long must Armagnac “Napoleon” be aged?
Min 4 years; aka VSOP
For how long must Armagnac VS be aged?
must be aged for between 1-3 years
For how long must Armagnac XO be aged? What other two styles of Armagnac must be aged for this minimum?
Min 10 years; Hors d’Age and Vintage Armagnac must also be aged for a minimum of 10 years.
What is the major difference between cognac and armagnac in regards to distillation?
Cognac is typically distilled twice in a pot still. This results in a more pure and lighter in alcohol spirit.
Armagnac is typically distilled in a column still and will be more alcoholic and rich in texture
What is a grape varietal that is allowed in the production of Armagnac but forbidden in the production of Cognac?
Baco Blanc
Centaur is the figure on bottles of which famous Cognac producer?
Remy Martin
In regards to Calvados, what is La Trou Normand?
Served between courses at a large meal to cleanse the palate and make room for more.
What is Spain’s equivalent to grappa?
Orujo
Calvados Pays d’Auge requires a minimum percentage of what type of apples?
Min 70% bitter apples
Which country produces Ron Zacapa?
Guatemala
What country produces Diplomatico Rum?
Venezuela
What country produces El Dorado Rum?
Guyana
What country produces Mt Gay Rum?
Barbados
What country produces Goslings Rum?
Bermuda
The terms “Nelson’s Blood” and “Demon Water” refer to which spirit?
Rum
What are 3 Spanish-style rums?
Diplomatico - Venezuela
Flor de Cana - Nicaragua
Ron Zacapa - Guatemala
Agave angustifolia is more commonly known as what?
Espadin
What are two tequila companies that were started before 1900?
Jose Cuervo Sauza Herradura Casa Noble Siete Leguas
In Bourbon production what is a honey barrel?
Unofficial term for the best single barrel selection from the rickhouse
What are a couple independent bottlers of Scotch?
Duncan Taylor Gordon & Macphail Murray McDavid Cadenhead's Blackadder Maltman
Arukora Tenka aka Aruten refers to what style of sake?
Sake produced with the addition of alcohol or fortified with Brewer’s alcohol
What is Junmai sake?
Junmai which means “pure rice” is a style of sake produced using only rice, water, yeast, and koji mold.
Aruten is the other style which produced which uses the addition of Brewer’s alcohol
How does the addition of Brewer’s alcohol affect the flavor and profile of Aruten sake?
This addition will give the sake a lighter taste with more minerality. This addition will add texture and body improving mouthfill as well. Additionally this will raise the level of alcohol and boost antimicrobial properties.
What is the difference between sakamai and kakomai?
Sakamai or “sake rice” tends to be spongy and dry compared to kakomai or “table rice” which is more sticky.
What is the name of the starchy center of a rice kernel that is prized and key to sake production?
Shinpaku
Why is sake rice generally more expensive than table rice?
Due to the rice being heavier and thus the plants more top-heavy and difficult to cultivate.
Many sake is fermented to an abv between 8-20% but often is diluted down to 15%. Why is this?
To avoid additional taxes.
What is the maximum legal abv for sake?
22%
For a sake to be labeled as “certified organic sake” what requirement must be met?
The rice used for the production of the sake must come from a rice paddy that has been free of synthetic products such as pesticides for a minimum of 3 years.
In what type of years will the kasubuai and be higher and the style of sake produced be leaner?
In warmer years where there is more soluble the rice starches will be less soluble thus the amount of kasu (lees) left over after pressing will be higher and the sake will be leaner in style. The reverse is thus true for cooler vintages.
What broad generalization can be made about the style of sake produced in Northern Japan vs Southern Japan?
The north is generally said to produce sake that is leaner in style and use rice from the same year as the harvest
The south is known for its broader, richer, yet more mellow style and often uses rice from the previous year’s harvest that has been stored in cool temperature-controlled rooms.
What is Awamori as it refers to Sake? How is it different than nihonshu?
Awamori is a distilled specialty sake from Okinawa.
It is different from nihonshu in the following ways:
It is distilled rather than brewed.
It uses Black Koji as a starter giving Awamori a signature sour note while Nihonshu generally uses Yellow Koji which produces a more neutral profile.
While both are made from rice, Awamori is mostly made from imported Thai Indica rice compared to Nihonshu which is generally produced from Japanese rice.
Awamori is said to improve with age while most Nihonshu is recommended to be consumed at an early age.
What are considered the top 3 prefectures in regards to quantity of sake produced and account for 1/2 of Japan’s total output annually?
Hyogo
Kyoto
Niigata
What is Tokujo as it applies to sake?
Tokujo is considered the highest and most coveted of 5 grades of rice size
The terms Santoh, Nittoh, Ittoh, Tokuto, and Tokujo refer to what?
Grades of size for classifying sake rice prior to being sold for production.
What is Tokutei-meisho-shu and what are 5 requirements?
“Special designation” or “premium sake” which is the high quality sake found in restaurants.
It must be produced from rice with one of the 5 permitted size grades, and may not have any preservatives, coloring agents, flavors, or fragrances added during or after production.
What is a seimaiki used for?
This is the machine used for polishing rice for sake production.
What is the name for brewery workers at a sake brewery?
kurabito
What is the term for the milling process for polishing rice in sake production?
Seimai
What is the difference between genmai and hakumai?
Genmai, or brown rice is the unmilled brown rice that is placed into a saimaki for polishing.
Hakumai, or white rice, is the finished product
Why is rice milled or polished prior to being brewed for the production of sake?
The outer fat and protein layers of rice contribute rustic, fatty, and earthy flavors ot the sake.
The more the rice is milled or polished, the more elegant, delicate, fragrant, and pure the sake becomes which is an indication of high quality.
What is Tokubetso as it applies to sake and what requirements must be made to acheive this designation?
Tokubetso refers to a sake that is made via a special method and/or produced from a special strain of yeast and must achieve a seimaibuai of at least 60% unless the stye differs from the usual style of the brewery then the seimaibuai may be 70%
What is Futsu-shu?
Basic or ordinary sake that is typically produced from rice that has been polished less than 70% (more than 30% of the outside remains), table rice is sometimes used, and often a higher amount of Brewer’s alcohol is added in its production.
What is the name for the amount of rice that remains after polishing?
Seimaibuai
Zankyo and Niizawa both make a sake called “Super 7”. What does the 7 mean?
The 7 refers to the insanely high degree of seimaibuai or polishing down to 7% of the original size.
What can be said of a sake that contains a higher seimaibuai or higher percentage remaining after polishing?
The sake will be more rustic and savory in style.
What circumstance led to the creation of the Aruten style of sake?
A shortage of rice during WWII led to brewers adding alcohol to sake to boost yields.
What is the maximum percentage of rice remaining for Honjozo-shu sake?
max 70%
What is the maximum percentage of rice remaining for Tokubetsu-shu and Ginjo-shu?
Same; rice must be polished to at least 60% of the original size.
Unless the production method employed by the brewer varies from their usual style of production then the Tokubetsu-shu sake may be polished to 70% and still be permitted to use the term.
What is the maximum percentage of rice remaining following polishing permitted for daiginjo-shu?
max of 50%
What are the only ingredients permitted for the production of junmai sake?
rice, water, yeast, and koji mold
What is the difference between kaori and aji as they refer to sake taste?
kaori is more aromatic, floral, and fruity in style.
aji is more textural, savory, and taste-driven in style.
What is the term for a brewmaster in a sake brewery?
Toji
What is the term for toji schools or guilds respectively?
Schools are called “shudan”
Guilds are called “ryuha”
What is a top guild in the following prefectures respectively: Niigata, Iwate, and Hyogo?
Niigata: Echigo
Iwate: Nanbu
Hyogo: Tanba
What is the purpose of steaming the rice after soaking during the sake production process?
To break up the starch molecules in the kernel, to sterilize the rice, and to make the outside of the rice hard and the inside soft which will encourage the koji mold to work towards the moist, starchy center once it’s introduced.