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WSET level 3 2020 > South Africa > Flashcards

South Africa Flashcards

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1
Q

Where are most of South Africa’s vineyards found? Why?

A

Around the coast of the Cape to take advantage of the cooling influence of the Southern Ocean

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2
Q

What is the name of the cool, Southern Ocean current that helps cool the south and west coasts of South Africa?

A

Benguela

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3
Q

Other than the Benguela, what helps moderate South Africa’s otherwise hot climate?

A

the Cape Doctor, cool south-easterly summer winds

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4
Q

What is a defining feature of the South African landscape that allows for a wide range of aspects, soils and altitudes? (and thus micro-climates)

A

Mountain ranges

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5
Q

Other than at altitude or near the ocean, where might vineyards be planted to benefit from cooler temperatures?

A

South-facing slopes

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6
Q

What can Mountains nearer the coast aid with in terms of cooling, aside from altitude and south-facing aspects?

A

Channelling oceanic winds

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7
Q

Will shade from nearby mountains give slightly cooler temperatures? When?

A

Yes

Different points in the day

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8
Q

What is Pinotage a cross of?

A

Pinot Noir and Cinsault

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9
Q

Aside from Pinotage, what four black varieties are widely planted?

A

Cabernet Sauvignon
Merlot
Syrah
Pinot Noir

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10
Q

What grapes is Cabernet Sauvignon sometimes blended with in South Africa?

A

Merlot and Cabernet Franc

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11
Q

Where is Pinot Noir almost exclusively found?

A

Coolest coastal areas

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12
Q

Where was Pinotage developed?

A

South Africa

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13
Q

What is a blend of Pinotage and international varieties often called?

A

Cape Blend

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14
Q

What aromas might develop when Pinotage is exposed to heavily toasted oak staves?

A

Coffee or chocolate

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15
Q

What fruit might a light, fruity style of Pinotage exhibit?

A

Red berry fruit

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16
Q

What flavour characters might be seen in a full-bodied Pinotage from old bush vines?

A

Spiced berry fruit

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17
Q

Why might Pinotage be popular with some consumers?

A

Point of difference/marketing

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18
Q

What three white grapes are most prominent in South Africa?

A

Chenin Blanc
Chardonnay
Sauvignon Blanc

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19
Q

Which is the most planted grape (either colour) in South Africa?

A

Chenin Blanc

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20
Q

Old bush vine Chenin is increasingly being made in a complex and full-textured style. What might add toasty flavours to these wines?

A

Oak

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21
Q

What widely planted grape is used in the production of brandy?

A

Colombard

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22
Q

When must Sauvignon Blanc be picked in hotter regions of South Africa? Why?

A

Early

To preserve citrus and green apple aromas and high acidity

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23
Q

What is a common flavour across almost all South African Sauvignon Blanc?

A

Herbaceousness

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24
Q

In what style might some premium Chardonnays be made?

A

Burgundian style (lees, MLF, oak)

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25
Q

What indicates a South African GI wine?

A

Wine of Origin (W.O.)

26
Q

What can blends made from parcels from various regions within the Western Cape labelled themselves as? Would a premium wine be labelled like this?

A

Western Cape

Some premium wines are made this way

27
Q

What are three major regions of the Western Cape? What are these regions split into, then into again?

A

Coastal Region, Breede River Valley and Cape South Coast

Districts then again into Wards

28
Q

What are the 3 bolded districts and 2 bolded wards of the Coastal region?

A

Stellenbosch, Paarl and Swartland

Constantia and Durbanville

29
Q

Which district has long been the hub of fine wine production in South Africa?

A

Stellenbosch

30
Q

What is the climate in Stellenbosch?

A

Warm to moderate

31
Q

What cools Stellenbosch? Is it ever too hot here?

A

Winds (from false bay)

Rarely too hot

32
Q

Diversity in …, … and … is a defining feature of Stellenbosch

A

Altitude, aspect and soil type

33
Q

Red wines have become more reputable in recent years in Stellenbosch, in particular? (4)

A

Cab Sauv and Merlot (often blended)
Syrah
Cape Blends

34
Q

What high quality white wines are made in Stellenbosch’s cooler sites? (2)

A

Sauvignon Blanc

Chardonnay

35
Q

Which district, also from the coastal region borders Stellenbosch on it’s most inland edge? What are daylight and nightime temperatures like here in comparison? Why?

A

Paarl

Hotter during the day as it’s less exposed to cool sea breezes but cooler at night as it’s more continental

36
Q

Varying terrain in Paarl is a plus. What red grapes are most significant here? (3)

A

Cab Sauv, Syrah and Pinotage

37
Q

While a wide variety of grapes are grown here, what white grapes are most planted in Paarl? (2)

A

Chardonnay and Chenin Blanc

38
Q

Which ward that lies on the eastern flanks of Table Mountain, is home to some of the oldest vineyards in the Western Cape?

A

Constantia

39
Q

What has the main moderating effect on Constantia?

A

The Cape Doctor (South- Easterly summer winds)

40
Q

What grape is most reputable in Constantia?

A

Sauvignon Blanc

41
Q

What is the name of the sweet wine still produced by one estate in Constantia made from late-harvest Muscat?

A

Vin de Constance

42
Q

What white grape, other than SB, might you find in Constantia, particularly to the south of Table Mountain?

A

Semillon

43
Q

What two black grapes are planted in the warmer site of Constantia?

A

Syrah and Cabernet Sauvignon

44
Q

Which district has shifted from a source of inexpensive grapes to a centre of innovation and premium wine production?

A

Swartland

45
Q

Old vine … is what Swartland is particularly recognised for along with high quality …?

A

Chenin Blanc

Syrah

46
Q

What agricultural practice is used in Swartland to lower yields and enhance fruit concentration?

A

Dry Farming

47
Q

What grapes, other than Chenin Blanc, Chardonnay or Sauvignon Blanc might be used to make a white ‘Cape Blend’?

A

Marsanne, Roussanne, Grenach Blanc and Viognier

Rhone whites

48
Q

A number of premium blends also come out of Swartland, what are they called?

A

Cape Blends

49
Q

The Darling and Tygerberg districts in the Coastal region are cooled by sea breezes and are known for the production of which grape?
What is the significant ward in Tygerberg?

A

Sauvignon Blanc

Durbanville

50
Q

What is the significant grape in the Durbanville ward?

A

Sauvignon Blanc

51
Q

What are the two districts in the Breede River Valley?

A

Worcester

Robertson

52
Q

Which district lies at the western end of the Breede River Valley and is hot and dry? What is essential here?

A

Worcester

Irrigation (largely pumped from the river)

53
Q

Worcester is a reliable source for high-volume, quality made, branded red and white wine, however, the majority of grapes grown are white, what are they? (2)

A

Chenin Blanc and Colombard

54
Q

What is Colombard generally used for the production of?

A

Brandy

55
Q

Which district sits to the East of Worcester and is also part of the Breede River Valley region? How and why does the climate differ?

A

Robertson

Cooler, as south-easterly winds are drawn into the valley by mountains

56
Q

As a result of the cool breezes and …, what two grapes can produce some excellent wines in Robertson?

A

Notable outcrops of less fertile soils
Syrah
Chardonnay (full-bodied)

57
Q

Coastal region, Breed River Valley region and …… region?

A

Cape South Coast

58
Q

What are the two most established districts in the Cape South Coast region?

A

Walker Bay

Elgin

59
Q

Which group of wards in the Walker Bay district is home to some of South Africas best Chardonnays and Pinot Noir? Why is it cool enough here?

A

Hemel-en-Aarde

Proximity to the ocean

60
Q

What is an added moderating effect, other than coastal proximity, that cools Elgin? What grape has a particular reputation here?

A

Altitude

Sauvignon Blanc

61
Q

What ward in the Cape South Coast region, outside the Elgin district is known for quality Sauvignon Blanc and is showing promise with Syrah production?

A

Elim

WSET level 3 2020 (41 decks)

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