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WSET level 3 2020 > Australia > Flashcards

Australia Flashcards

1
Q

Despite a diverse range of climates, due to Australia’s latitude, how can the main growing regions be described in terms of temperature?

A

Warm and hot

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2
Q

Rainfall is low, what is generally necessary?

A

Irrigation

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3
Q

What are two major grape-growing risks in Australia?

A

Drought and fire

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4
Q

Where are many producers increasingly seeking vineyard sites?

A

Cool and Moderate climates

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5
Q

Intensely fruity, displaying earthy or spicy notes that may evolve to leather with age, describes Shiraz from what type of climate? What are two examples?

A

Hot climate

Hunter Valley or Barossa Valley

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6
Q

How would producers from a hot climate make a more restrained style of Shiraz?

A

Controlling extraction

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7
Q

Where might a leaner, more peppery Shiraz come from generally? Give two examples.

A

Cooler regions

Geelong, Heathcote

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8
Q

What grape might Shiraz play a supporting role to in Australian blends?

A

Cabernet Sauvignon

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9
Q

What are two classic regions for Cabernet Sauvignon?

A

Margaret River and Coonawarra

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10
Q

What grape is typically only found in blends with Cabernet Sauvignon in Australia? What does it ass to these blends?

A

Merlot

Body and fleshy, plummy fruit

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11
Q

Strawberry and cherry are typical flavours of what grape when grown in Aus?

A

Pinot Noir

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12
Q

What is the general body, alcohol level and acidity in Australian Pinot Noir?

A

Medium body and alcohol

Medium to High acidity

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13
Q

Which late ripening grape is perfect for Australia’s hot conditions?

A

Grenache

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14
Q

Why might Spanish and Italian grapes have gained in popularity among grape-growers in recent years?

A

Well adapted to high summer temperatures and a limited water supply

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15
Q

What are the four main white grapes in Australia?

A

Chardonnay, Sauvignon Blanc, Riesling and Semillon

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16
Q

What are the five main black grapes in Australia?

A

Shiraz, Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Pinot Noir and Grenache

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17
Q

Which white grape produces a wide variety of styles in Australia?

A

Chardonnay

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18
Q

Basic Aussie Chardonnay is often a blend from different regions. It might be un-oaked with flavours of … but hints of vanilla or toasty flavours might come from the use of…?

A

Peach

Oak staves or chips

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19
Q

In high quality Chardonnays what might compliment fresh vibrant fruit flavours?

A

subtle flavours from careful use of lees, MLF and/or oak maturation

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20
Q

Which region is seen as the benchmark of Australian Sauvignon Blanc? Describe (flavour, acidity).

A

Adelaide Hills
Concentrated passionfruit
High acidity

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21
Q

Which grape, when from which region, tends to be harvested early with low sugar levels and high acidity and made into wine using protective winemaking?

A

Hunter Valley Semillon

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22
Q

What are the flavours of Hunter Valley Semillon like when new? What flavours present with bottle age?

A

Almost neutral when new

Extraordinary honey and toast

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23
Q

How does Barossa Semillon traditionally compare to Hunter Valley Semillon?

A

Fuller-bodied and softer

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24
Q

What characteristic of Western Australian Semillon might lead to it being confused with Sauvignon Blanc?

A

Herbaceousness

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25
Q

Aside from Semillon, what white grape has a distinctive Australian style?

A

Riesling

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26
Q

Young Aussie Riesling typically display which characters when young? What others might they rapidly develop?

A

Citrus - lime, lemon, grapefruit

Toast, honey and petrol with age

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27
Q

What sweetness level are Australian Rieslings generally?

A

Dry or slightly off-dry

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28
Q

Which ‘Super-zone’ covers all GIs within South Australia, Victoria, Queensland, allowing the blending of grapes from across most of Australia’s wine regions?

A

South Eastern Australia Zone

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29
Q

Wines labelled from South Eastern Australia Zone are high volume brands who mostly get their fruit from which three fertile regions?

A

Riverlands, Murray-Darling and Riverina

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30
Q

Which region known for mass-yielding vines is also specialises in botrytised Semillon due to Autumn morning mists and fogs?

A

Riverina

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31
Q

What are the listed South Australian regions?

A

Adelaide Hills, Barossa Valley, Clare Valley, Coonawarra, Eden Valley, McLaren Vale (ABCCEM)

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32
Q

What is the climate like in Barossa Valley?

A

Warm, dry

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33
Q

What type of oak is typical to Barossa Valley Shiraz?

34
Q

What is the most notable white variety in the Barossa Valley?

35
Q

Which two regions can be labelled ‘Barossa’

A

Barossa Valley and Eden Valley

36
Q

What are three flavour characteristics of Eden Valley Riesling? What flavours might develop with 10+ years age?

A

Lime, grapefruit and steely

Marmalade, toasty characters

37
Q

Where else, other than the Eden Valley, specialises in Riesling?

A

Clare Valley

38
Q

What is the climate like in Eden Valley?

A

Cool Moderate depending on elevation

39
Q

In the Clare Valley, what moderates the warm climate?

A

Cool afternoon breezes and cold nights

40
Q

Dry, lime and high acidity describe young Clare Valley Riesling. What flavours develop with age?

A

Honey and toast

41
Q

What are the two major red grapes of Clare Valley?

A

Shiraz and Cabernet Sauvignon

42
Q

What is the climate like in Adelaide Hills? Why?

A

Moderate

Altitude

43
Q

When does rainfall mainly occur in Adelaide Hills?

44
Q

What three grapes are most relevant in Adelaide Hills?

A

Sauvignon Blanc, Chardonnay and Pinot Noir

45
Q

What fruit is associated with Adelaide Hills Chardonnay?

46
Q

What tempers the warm climate in McLaren Vale?

A

Afternoon breezes from the nearby Southern Ocean

47
Q

What are the four main varietals in McLaren Vale?

A

Shiraz, Cab Sauv, Merlot and Grenache

48
Q

What are the soils called in Coonawarra?

A

Terra Rossa

49
Q

What is the climate in Coonawarra? What is it moderated by?

A

Moderate, maritime

Cold Antarctic currents

50
Q

What flavours are indicative of Coonawarra Cab Sauv?

A

Eucalyptus and Cassis

51
Q

In which state are the coolest vineyards in Australia found?

52
Q

Name the 5 noted regions of Victoria

A

Yarra Valley, Mornington Peninsula, Heathcote, Geelong, Goulburn Valley

53
Q

What is the specialty grape of the Yarra Valley?

A

Pinot Noir

54
Q

What is the climate in the Yarra Valley, generally?

A

Cool to Moderate and Maritime

55
Q

Pinot Noir from the Yarra Valley is generally rich in fruit. Give examples. Is Pinot from here often oaked?

A

Plum, strawberry and dark cherries

Yes

56
Q

What are the two specialty grapes of the Mornington Peninsula?

A

Pinot Noir and Chardonnay

57
Q

Mornington Peninsula’s climate is similar to the Yarra Valley’s, what is it?

A

Cool to Moderate, Maritime

58
Q

What means that there is a large variety in vintage quality and style in Mornington?

A

Chance of cool, wet, windy weather at flowering and harvest

59
Q

Mornington Peninsula Chardonnays are naturally high acid. How is this acid softened and what are some typical fruits seen?

A

MLF

Citrus, pear and apple aromas

60
Q

Which grape is known for making complex, concentrated wines in Geelong? They tend to be what-bodied?

A

Full-bodied

61
Q

Fresh and peppery described which varietal wine from Geelong? Which other grape grown here takes on earthy aromas?

A

Shiraz

Pinot Noir

62
Q

Where in Victoria is Heathcote located?

A

The centre

63
Q

What is the cooling influence in Heathcote? What is the climate?

A

Altitude

Moderate Continental

64
Q

Why is Shiraz produced in Heathcote fresher in fruit and more firmly structured than those from the Barossa or Hunter Valley?

A

Moderate climate

65
Q

What type of international grapes are showing promise in Heathcote?

A

Mediterranean (Sangiovese and Tempranillo)

66
Q

Which region of Victoria specialises in Marsanne?

A

Goulburn Valley

67
Q

What is the climate like in Goulburn Valley? What has some moderating effect?

A

Warm

Creeks and lakes

68
Q

What characteristics does citrusy Marsanne develop with age?

69
Q

Which state has the longest history of wine production?

70
Q

Which NSW region is hot and humid? What mitigates hot summers here?

A

Hunter Valley

Cool ocean breezes and high cloud cover

71
Q

What are two major risks in the Hunter Valley?

A

Rain at harvest

Rot

72
Q

Semillon from the Hunter Valley tends to be…? (body, alcohol, acid, flavour, flavour with bottle age)

A

Light bodied, low alcohol, high acid

Neutral flavours when young developing honey, nut and toast with age

73
Q

What other grapes are widely planted in the Hunter Valley?

A

Chardonnay and Shiraz (Medium-bodied)

74
Q

What is the climate like in Margaret River?

A

Warm, maritime

75
Q

When do high levels of rain fall in Margaret River?

76
Q

What are the three main wines (some blends) of Margaret river?

A

Bordeaux blends
Chardonnays (stone fruit, high acid)
Semillon/Sauvignon Blanc (tropical, gooseberry, high acid)

77
Q

What is the other, much larger region of Western Australia?

A

The Great Southern

78
Q

What three grapes are relevant in the Great Southern region?

A

Cab Sauv (deep)
Shiraz (peppery)
Riesling (floral)

79
Q

What is the climate in Tasmania?

What is the cooling influence here?

A

Cool, maritime

Westerly Southern Ocean winds

80
Q

What were wines in Tasmania originally used as?

A

Base wines for sparkling wine

WSET level 3 2020 (41 decks)

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