SOGs 2020 Flashcards
Who’s responsibility is it to assign a safety officer?
IC
All safety officers will have the authority to ?
Identify and correct safety and heath hazards
To alter,suspend, or terminate un -safe acts that involve an imminent hazard to personnel
Inform the IC of the 2 items above
A safety office should have a working knowledge of what?
Safety concerns for fire rescue in typical incidents
Fire behavior
Building construction
EMS
Only those person who have completed and approved Incident safety officer course ________ be used as a safety officer.
SHOULD
A safety office shall be appointed on the following incidents?
HWH-hazardous, Wildland, high hazard
Incident becomes so large, complex, or dangerous that reasoned safety is potentially threatened.
Hazardous or potentially hazardous environments:
Structure fires
Special operations incidents
Large multi casualty incidents
Wild land fires with 4 or more units or during extreme weather.
Any high Hazard Training:
Live burn evolutions
Smoke drills
Dive rescue
Extrication
Elevated victim rescue
above or Below grade operations
confined space rescue
Once assigned to Safety officer what are the duties?
Don appropriate vest and PPE
Ensure no entry into the hot zone as a single person
Ensure all control zones are established or adjust as necessary
Ensure exclusion zones are recognized
Rehab
Atmospheric monitoring
Remain on scene until relieved by the IC or designee
Document actions as to the incident reporting guide
any accidents injuries or unsafe acts or safety concerns should follow the CQI
Communicate with EMERGENCY TRAFFIC the exclusion zone
Who do assistant safety officers report to?
Directly to the Incident safety officer
How are safety officers general y assigned?
To a geographical or functional area.
The following incidents REQUIRE an assistant safety officer?
Hazardous material
Dive team operations
Open water incidents
Rehab when assigned
“Mayday” definition is?
Lost
Trapped
Disoriented
Seriously injured
Experiencing an Air emergency
In need of immediate help
The term “MAYDAY” should be used when ?
Lost
Trapped
Disoriented
Seriously injured
Air emergency
‘In need of immediate help
When a “MAYDAY” is called what happens to the Tac channels?
The MAYDAY remains on the original channel and other operations will switch .
During a “MAYDAY” the ISO should request what?
An additional safety officer
The TAC stick shall only be used to?
Identify an energized source so an exclusionary zone can be created
The ONLY useful purpose for a TAC stick is:
To identify energy sources that were not previously aware of
The TAC stick has 4 indicators?
Detects AC current only
Provides warning in audible beeps and flashes
Warning signals increase in strength as amplitude increases
Warning signal s make it possible to locate the signal quickly
The TAC stick does not?
Read DC current
Or pick up shielded AC voltage
The 3 sensitivities for the TAC are?
HIGH
LOW
FRONT
When using the TAC stick the user should start on which sensitivity?
HIGH and move to lower ones later.
During which incidents is the TAC stick particularly useful?
Night operations and post storm area searches.
Fires
Powerlines down
Atmospheric monitors are carried on which vehicles
Engines
Aerials
Rescues
BC
EMS captain
Special ops
Who is equipped with the drager X-am 5000 5 gas monitor
EMS captains
The difference between the drager X am 2500 and 5000 is ?
The 500o does OV monitoring for Ethylene oxide
The Drager X am 5000 monitors which substances?
O2
Flammability
CO
H2S
OV
When an atmospheric monitor alarms who SHALL be informed?
IC
Active atmospheric monitoring is used when ?
Firefighter is actively monitoring an atmosphere to detect the presence of a leak
Investigating residential or commercial alarm activations to determine hazards
What are the common gasses between the drager atmospheric monitors
O2
Flammability
CO
What gas and how much is required for both drager monitors to operate correctly?
02 and 10% above
What are normal atmospheric conditions
O2- 21%
LEL -0%
CO- 0 PPM
H2S- 0 PPM
H2s has an almond like Oder detectable at what levels?
1-5ppm and 60-70% of the population
The ISO with regards to atomospheric monitoring SHALL ensure:
Levels are safe before allowing personnel to remove SCBA during overhaul
Benefits outweigh risks with OV
Respiratory protection is used accordingly
Half mask cartridge respirators with organic vapor filters can be used when 2 conditions apply?
OV only and 02 is normal
What are Half mask cartridge respirators w/ organic vapors particularly used for?
Wildland fires
D/O operating at the pump panel
ISO
Post fire activities
The IC or ISO shall determine if it is safe for what to happen when atmospheric monitoring?
- FF remove their respiratory protection
- Occupants to enter the structure
- Fire investigators to enter any structure
TIC operations: our eyes work by seeing contrast by objects that are illuminated by either. _______ or. __________.
Sun or another from of light
TIC operations in normal temperatures - a victim or FF will appear what color?
White
TIC operations with victim or FF in structure fire will appear ?
Dark
TIC operations for the most prominent feature of a FF is ?
SCBA bottle
TIC’s are assigned to which apparatus?
Every Engine, aerial, most rescues, EMS captain , and BC.
Who are responsible for checking the TIC?
All company officers and chief officers in custody of the TIC.
TICs are used for:
Search and rescue
Fire Attack
Overhaul
HAZMAT
Vehicle accidents
TIC limitations:
Cannot see into a windowless building- need temperature differences
Cannot see under water
Cannot see through windows or glass
Cannot see through highly reflective materials - stainless, steel, mirrors, windows
PBCFR used which Rehab standard for Heat stress index?
WBGT- Wet bulb globe temperature
The heat stress index Is made up from ?
- Air Temperature
- Air Speed
- Humidity
- Radiation - direct sun light
How many of hours of work may be sustained if ________, _________, _________ and hours__________.
Rest
Hydration
Energy nutrition
At least 4 hours
What are the 5 components of REHAB?
- Rest
- Energy nutrition
- Hydration
- Accommodation for weather
- BLS and ALS monitoring
What is the priority order for REHAB?
RHBEA
- Rest
- Hydration
- BLS and ALS
- Energy nutrition
- Accommodation for weather.
What is the most important V/S to stabilize?
CORE temperature
What percent is active cooling better than passive cooling?
50-60% more
What are the medical NO-GO criteria?
SBP< 100
Pulse >100 with ANY of the following:
Temp > 101
SBP> 180
DBP>100
SPCO>0
ALS S/S.
What are the time frames for rehab?
20 min X 2 for a total of 40 minutes. After 40 minutes BLS/ALS tx, and transport or referral to OHC
Rehab 6 hours post fire incident is in reference to ?
Cardiac arrest and WILL be treated for cyanide exposure
Rehab 24 hours post fire incident refer to as?
Carbon monoxide and cyanide exposures
The rehab unit works under which command branch?
Logistics
If there is no logistics branch who does the rehab unit report to?
IC
Companies should be placed in rehab when ?
Worked for 45min
Used 2 air bottles consecutively
Rehab chart
An assistant safety officer may be assigned by the IC for rehab under what incidents?
Physical labor of > 2 hours
Excessive rotation of companies
Incidents that require defined hourly work periods
Hire rise fires not controlled by a single company
Wildland fires
Hazmat incidents
Confined space incidents
The incident safety officer will have the 1st EMS captain on all __________ __________ and _____________ __________provide what to whom?
Working fires and Hazmat incidents their rainbow sensor to the Rehab unit.
Where should the SCBA refill are be located?
Near the “Drop Zone” in the WARM zone
The rehab tracking worksheet has what recorded on them ?
Pulse
BP
Temp
Respirations
SP02
SPCO
SPMET
Where do companies leaving rehab report to?
Staging
The unit rehab tracking worksheet becomes part of what?
Permanent medical record.
A patient exists when ?
medical complaint,
obvious injury,
appears in distress
Suggestive of acute illness or injury
Such as: HX, MOI, appearance
Lack of capacity
Motor vehicle accident criteria for a patient?
Greater than minor damage
No restraint used
Air bag deployed
Steering wheel damage
Other occupants have injuries
Appearance and behavior not normal
People on the ground are patients when?
Unable to get up without assistance
Gets up but does not have capacity
The definition of “Capacity “ is?
The ability to understand the benefits, risks, and alternatives to a proposed tx or intervention.
Public assists are patients when?
Inability to ambulate is chronic
Summary of a patient is when the following are met?
Any medical complaint, injury or distress
Suggestive acute injury or illness
Lack of capacity
MVC with more than :
Minor Damage
no restraints
air bags
Steering wheeL
occupant injuries
appearance and behavior not normal
Fall that cannot get up on their own
Public assists with acute ambulatory issues
Definition of an MCI?
One that exceeds the capabilities of the first arriving units?
MCI levels are what numbers?
1- 1-10
2-11-20
3.21-100
4.101-1000
5.greater than 1000.
MCI types are classified as:
CBRNE
Shootings
MVC’s
Plane crashes
Collapse
Name, DOB, phone number and brief narrative are required for which levels of an MCI?
Levels 1 and 2
METTAG number, basic information and tx information are required for what level MCI?
3 or above
Command structure assignments for an MCI may include what?
Treatment
Transport
Triage
Staging
Rehab
Hazard mitigation
Who maintains the list of resources that may be beneficial in an MCI?
FOO
The first arriving unit responsibilities to an MCI are what ?
Establish Command
360
Establish exclusion zone
Declare LEVEL and TYPE MCI
Initial triage
Assign incoming units based on LIPE
Additional resources
Staging officer
When declaring an MCI what 2 things must be included?
LEVEL and TYPE
Safety officer responsibility for an MCI are to do 3 things:
- Request LE
- Provide physical security
- Exclusion zone
Additional backboards can be requested from who?
Support 81
Rescues in staging
Inventory specialist
During an MCI command needs to be updated with what information?
Number of patients
Patient categories
Additional resources needed.
The MCI transport log has what information on it?
Patient METTAG ID
Destination hospital
Transport unit number
An “After Action Review” is required for what level MCI?
Level 3 or higher
With refusals, who may help convince a patient?
Family members
Friends
Physician
EMS captain
Medical director
In order to sign a refusal for transport Fire rescue personnel SHALL?
Exhaust all reasonable efforts have been exhausted
Inform the patient that if at any time they change mind or condition deteriorates/ changes they should call 911
What patients my be examined, treated, or transported without their consent?
Suspected medical conditions that are likely to be incapacitated from intoxication or other medical conditionsl
Adult who can refuse treatment or transport criteria?
>18 yrs old
AAOx4
Clinically sober
Hypoxia< 94 on room air
COPD < 90
Syncope
Head injury w/ LOC
>100.5
Sever pain
Hypotension
Stroke
Minors refusal criteria?
Parent or legal guardian
<18 yrs old if Married
emancipation
military
Parent or guardian by phone w/ person on scene willing to sign
If a parent is consenting by phone to not have minor treated or transported and no one can sign the refusal form what happens?
Minor to be transported to the appropriate emergency department
Pregnant minors can refuse transport only for?
Only if the condition if the condition is related to the pregnancy. If not, then no refusal. Ie. Broken leg.
Diabetics can refuse transport if ALL the following are met?
Baseline, Levels, Food, Adult, oral
Regained baseline mental status
Blood sugar has returned to normal levels
Immediate access to food
A competent adult is present and willing to assume care
Meets criteria to for a general refusal.
Not taking oral hypoglycemic medications
What are the oral hypoglycemic medications?
Glipizide
Glyburide
Glimperide
If a parent or guardian refuses a physical exam what must be documented?
Visual exam
Mental status
General appearance
Work of breathing
Circulation to skin
What shall be documented in the pcr for refusals of treatment?
Refusal can result in death or disability
They were AAOx4- clinically sober w/ no life or potential life threatening conditions
Have the capacity to refuse
What shall be documented for refusals of Transport?
Death Disablity, AAOx4, Clinically sober, impaired judgement, capacity, assessment, exam, 2 set v/s.
Not being transported may result in death or disability
AAOx4- clinically sober, with no life or potential life threatening conditions to impair judgment
Capacity
Patient assessment
Physical exam
2 sets of V/S
Refusal breakdown chart?
Refusals:
Adults
Minors
Pregnancy
Diabetics
Treatment refusal:
Death or disability
AAOx4 w/ no life or potential life threatening condition to impair judgment
Have Capacity
Transport refusal:
Death or disability
AAOx4 w/ no life or potential life threatening condition to impair judgment
Have capacity
Patent assessment
Physical exam
2 sets of V/S
Meet all previous criteria for refusal
A DNRO applies to who?
Cardiac or respiratory arrest
Succumbing to a disease process of a terminal illness
The following SHALL NEVER be performed on patients with a DNRO?
Artificial respiration
BVM
ET tube
Supraglottic A/W
Chest compressions
Defibrillation
A valid DNRO shall be:
Signed by the competent patient or patients representative
Signed by the licensed Florida physician
Be on original canary yellow or copied on similar colored paper.
The DNRO identification device must be signed by who if the patient cannot provide consent?
Surrogate
Proxy
court order
Power of attorney
What are acceptable forms of ID for DNRO
Drivers license
Other photo identification
Witness in the presence of the patient
Who can revoke a DNRO?
Patient
Surrogate
Proxy
Court order
Power of attorney
How can a DNRO be revoked?
By writing
Physical destruction
Failure to produce
Orally expressing a contrary intent
For termination of resuscitation efforts who does the scene get turned over to?
Law enforcement
Or CARES team.
When can a body be covered with a sheet?
When no suspicion of a crime scene
What other documentation is needed post resuscitation termination of efforts?
EKG strip to PCR
ETCO2 to PCR for advanced airway placement
What is the primary goal with an active shooter event?
Ensure joint command and communications from FR and LE to minimize the risk and maximize safety for all response personnel.
What does ASHER/ MCI stand for?
Active Shooter Hostile Event Response- Mass casualty incident
Who has the ultimate responsibility for an ASHER/MCI (Active shooter hostile event response)?
Law Enforcement
What is the main role in an ASHER/MCI for Fire Rescue?
Fire and medical decisions
The THREAT acronym for an ASHER/ MCI stands for what ?
Threat Supression
Hemorrhage Control
Rapid extrication
Assessment
Transport
What does RTF-PEM stand for?
Rescue task Force- Protective element medical
Who makes up the RTF-PEM Team?
3 Fire rescue
4 LE
Where does the RTF-PEM team operate?
Warm zone only.
What are the 4 zones for ASHER/MCI?
Exclusion
Hot
Warm
Cold
Definition of the “exclusion zone”?
Risks outweigh the benefits
No FF operations allowed
Definition of HOT zone with ASHER/MCI?
HIgh risk area
No FF operations allowed
Definition of “Warm Zone” for ASHER/ MCI?
Area with “LITTLE” risk
RTF-PEM teams operate
CCP operates here
Definition of “Cold Zone” for an ASHER/ MCI?
Area of no risk
Cold “O” no “O”
All support operations
Unified command
Final approach position
Staging
The IC shall be advised immediately during an ASHER/ MCI when ?
Fire rescue personnel are requested to or are found in the “HOT or Exclusion “ zones
RTF-PEM teams are committed by the IC only when ?
Threat to life
Benefits outweigh risks
Unified command will use which management system?
NIMS- National incident Management system
Response code levels to an ASHER/MCI by Fire Rescue are?
Code 3 with lights and sirens until unit crosses the LE perimeter./
Who gets notified of an ASHER/MCI incident?
FOO
PIO
1st arriving unit responsibilities on a ASHER/MCI?
Establish command
Set LEVEL 2 staging
Set up command at Staging
Establish a unified command with LE.
What level MCI and why should be set for ASHER/MCI ?
Level 2 due to unknown amount of victims
The IC should request how many TAC channelsfor an ASHER/ MCI
3 TAC channels:
- RTF-PEM
- Medical
- Staging
1st Arriving EMS captain on a ASHER/MCI “SHOULD”?
BE the incident safety officer
Ensure the following items are brought to the FUP - Forming up Position
- Available RTF- PEM kits
- Available SKEDS
-Available TQ’s
-Available Mega movers
-Available Trauma rapid response kits
The Fire rescue RTF-PEM supervisor is established by who and works on which TAC channels
IC and 7a or 8/a and 14a or 15a.
Where is the fire rescue RTF-PEM group supervisor located?
Next to the Tactical LE officer in the “Cold Zone”
The fire rescue RTF- PEM TEAM leader reports what to the Fire rescue RTF-PEM group supervisor
PAR levels
- going in and out of the warm zone
- going in and out of structures in the warm zone
- Changing floors or levels with in the warm zone
The Fire rescue RTF-PEM TEAM leader reports what to the LE RTF-PEM ?
Total number of victims
Non ambulatory patients
When ready to move
The FUP in a ASHER/MCI is defined as?
Forming Up Position where FR and LE meet to form a team
What is the FAP definition for ASHER/ MCI?
Final Approach position- is the outside area where the RTF-PEM team enters the warm zone
What is the Definition of a “Strong Hold” with and ASHER/MCI ?
Defensible area within the warm zone that has no windows and all doorways are covered by LE
Also serves a CCP
What categories do ASHER/ MCI patients get categorized to using TECC? (MCI level)
Immediate and Delayed
the Definition of the CCP in an ASHER/MCI?
Casualty Collection Point- in the warm zone where patients are triaged and treated.
ASHER/MCI incidents with fire are what mode of operation?
Defensive
Blood Draws are performed when ?
Request of LE
Who’s responsible for restraining an patient for a blood draw?
LE
If a patient is too combative for a blood draw and at the discretion of the PM?
Blood draw will not be performed and EMS captain notified.
Documentation of blood draw will include what?
Name and badge number of Officer
Kit sealed Y/ N
PM name
Site
Number of tubes drawn
Date and time
Who sample was turned over to
What pages in the ERG are used for LPG and Natural gas leaks?
20-25 and orange guide sections 115-116.
Natural gas has an LEL of?
5.3-14%
Propane has an LEL of?
2.1-9.5%
What gas type and pipe size does not contain mercaptan?
Natural gas in sizes 18” or greater
Common Natural gas lines that are 24” are found where in PBC?
Along the turnpike
Port of palm beach to West county energy center owned by FPL
Natural gas lines are what sizes?
Commercial 1-4”
Residential 1/2-3/4”
On a confirmed LPG/NG leak where does the “Hot zone” start
Where the 4 gas monitor has LEL readings above 0
What is the minimum size hose line and nozzle for confirmed LPG/NG leak?
1 3/4” with a fog nozzle
For exterior LPG/NG leaks on above ground containers - they should be cooled with what?
2 1/2” line at 200gpm
For exterior LPG/NG leaks on above ground containers of 1000lb or greater they should be cooled with what?
Ground monitor flowing minimum 500gpm
Documentation for LPG/NG response on the technician is?
Name
Phone number
ID or employee number
The 5 gas monitor will be used when ?
Incidents where combustion processes have taken place
In areas with close proximity to any fire- wildland, structure, vehicle, training, or dumpster
All atomspheric monitioring readings are entered where?
in the appropriate fire reporting system
what greatly influences the atomosphere surrounding the hot zone?
wind direction
Where shall H2S be monitored ?
areas of decomposition:
Sewers
Septic tanks
Horse barns
daily fluid intake should no exceed how much?
12 quarts
Sweating is also known as?
evaporative cooling
How many degrees are added to WBGT index is wearing
Full PPE and SCBA?
Full PPE without SCBA?
5 degrees
3 degrees
if a FF is treated and transported from REHAB what froms are used and sent where?
REHAB tracking worksheet becomes part of the medical record and fowarded to the reconds custodian.
Hazard mitigation during an MCI includes what examples?
fire supression
structural stabilization
vehicle stabilization
fuel leak containment
who is eqipped with the draeger xam 2500 gas monitor/
Engine
aerial
BC
SPLOPS
What are the typical storage tank capacities for NG and LPG?
BBQ- 20lb
Forklift- 33lb
Commerical -100-420lbs
Residential 500lb
HQ 30K
What ventialtion type and what percent must it be for clearing out a structure with gas?
Natural ventilation
2%
What offensice measrues can SPLOPS take with gas emergencies?
Grounding
Plugging
Cutting
Clampling
Squeezing
Flairing off
The HSO will respond to what investigate what incidents?
Injuries to Employee or reservist that rquires trasnport or are fatally injured.
Vehicle accidents that involve fatalities or injuries that require ALS and are non ambulatory.
The HSO will help in processing what information for an incident?
“3” IONS
Information
documentation
Notification
analysis
processing and mtigation
What has to be in place before a RTF-PEM team is deployed?
Unified command has to be in place
The HSO supports who for investigations regarding accidents or injires to personnel?
DC
BC
risk mgt
who is the preferred person to manage a Mayday?
ISO
there is only one thing the ISO should consider requesting for a mayday?
Request an assistant ISO
when the mayday FF is attempting to self extract and cannot find a door, window, or other egress point what can they use?
Exterior wall
one the mayday FF is at a wall the should search for what to lead them outside?
doors
windows
hallways
extreme caution should be used with ther tac stick for the possibilites of ?
open neutrals
automatic or back fed generators
who ensures atmospheric monitioing is established when incident command has not been established?
Company officer.
the TIC works by how?
seeing heat energy from objects
TICs should be used with caution in combustible gas enviornments why?
not intrinsically safe
who gets notified of any health concern or illness befroe or during scheduled training
Training instructor
What is considered moderate work for the rehab chart?
physical training
Vehicle extrication
Vehicle fire
Ladder raise and climb
Search and rescue non fire
Hose line advancement non fire
exposure control
salvage
What is considered Hard work for the Rehab chart?
Search and rescue live fire
Hose line advancement live fire
extinguishment
vertical ventilation
overhaul
Level A entries
What are the rehab flag colors?
no color
white
green
yellow
red
black
what are the six flag colors for the WBGT?
no color
white
green
yellow
red
black
with regards to REHAB, what activities fall under “Hard”
Live fire hose mgt
Live fire Search and rescue
Level A suit entries
extinguishement
vertical ventilation
overhaul
what activities fall under the “easy” category for the WBGT?
EASY- 4 items
ladder raise
ropes and knots
equipment maintenance
pump operations
