Soft Tissue Sarcomas + Abdominal Tumors

Question 1

T or F: Local recurrence after conservative excision of STS is common.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

How would we describe a soft tissue sarcoma?

Answer 2

Pseudo-encapsulated soft-to-firm masses with poorly defined margins
infiltrative into surrounding tissue

Question 3

What are the surgical considerations for STS?

Answer 3

1. Wide excision (3cm radially + 1 fascial plane/2muscle planes deep)
   * all biopsy tracts and areas of fixation (bone/fascia/tendon) are removed en bloc*
2. Radical surgery (amputation/pelvectomy)
3. Remember the 1st surgery provides the best change for local control and cure:
   - incompletel resected tumors increase patient morbidity, etc..

Question 4

What is the suspected cause of Feline Injection Site Sarcomas (ISS: reactions/tumor formations at vaccination sites in cats) ?

Answer 4

aluminum adjuvant contributing to massive inflammatory rxn,
leading to uncontrolled myo/fibroblast proliferation

Question 5

How long after a vaccination might a tumor develop in the case of feline ISS?

Answer 5

Anywhere from 4 weeks to 10 years

Question 6

T or F:
ISS are histologically and biologically more aggressive than typical STS.

Answer 6

truth.

Question 7

What type of biopsy should we do for ISS work-up?

Answer 7

Incisional

Question 8

What is the current recommended treatment for feline ISS?

Answer 8

Surgical excision w.5cm radial margins and 2 muscle planes deep

Question 9

Whats the prognosis for feline ISS?

Answer 9

Overall MST: 901 days
w.recurrence: 499days // w.out recurrence: 1461days

post-op met rate: 20%

Question 10

The liver is a receptacle for metastasis most typically from what organs/locations?

Answer 10

GI tract, spleen, or pancreas

Question 11

While primary hepatobiliary tumors are relatively uncommon, malignant tumors are more common in ______, while benign tumors are more common in _____.

Answer 11

Dogs;
cats

Question 12

What are the 4 general categories of primary hepatobiliary tumors?

Answer 12

1. Hepatocellular
2. Bile duct
3. Neuroendocrine (carcinoid)
4. Mesenchymal

Question 13

What is the prognosis for primary hepatobiliary tumors greatly influenced by?

Answer 13

Histology of the tumor,

morphology of the tumor

Question 14

Describe the morphology of a primary hepatobiliary tumor that is large, solitary and confined to a single liver lobe.

Answer 14

Massive

Question 15

When considering clinicopathologic abnormalities and hepatobiliary neoplasia, what would an AST:ALT ratio of >1 be consistent with?

Answer 15

Sarcoma or neuroendocrine tumor

Question 16

When considering clinicopathologic abnormalities and hepatobiliary neoplasia, what would an AST:ALT ratio of <1 be consistent with?

Answer 16

HCC or bile duct carcinoma

Question 17

What’s the most common primary liver tumor in dogs? (50% of all cases)

Answer 17

Hepatocellular carcinoma! (HCC)

Question 18

In cats, what hepatocellular tumor is actually more common than HCC?

Answer 18

Hepatocellular adenoma

Question 19

How long can it take for the liver to recover from loss and the remaining volume hypertrophy to its original size?

Answer 19

within 6 weeks

Question 20

What is the mechanism of liver regeneration?

Answer 20

Quiescent hepatocytes “primed” or stimulated to grow:
TNF and IL-6

continued growth mediated by GFs:
hepatocyte GF and TGF-alpha

Question 21

What bile duct associated neoplasia is common in cats, representing more than 50% of all feline hepatobiliary tumors?

Answer 21

Bile duct adenoma
(biliary or hepatobiliary cystadenoma)