IMHA Flashcards
What hypersensitivity reaction is associated with primary IMHA and what anti-RBC antibodies are formed?
Type 2; IgG and IgM
What are the clinical signs of tissue hypoxia (evaluating a potential IMHA)?
Tachypnea,
tachycardia,
increased CO
How high does bilirubin need to be before we see jaundice?
3+
What does your white count do in IMHA?
General bone marrow stimulation happens; WBCs pop up fast…
What are autoantibodies that are produced against the animal’s own RBCs targeting?
Glycophorin —> glycoproteins that spans the plasma membrane
*normally, suppressor T cells prevent Abs from reacting against self*
What can antibody attachment to the RBC cause?
-
Extravascular hemolysis (predominantly thru IgG)
* hepatomegaly, splenomegaly* -
Intravascular hemolysis (predominantly thru IgM)
* hemoglobinemia, hemoglobinuria* - Intravascular RBC agglutination
What infectious diseases can cause secondary IMHA in cats?
Mycoplasma, coronavirus (FIP), retrovirus
What bloodtype of cats are Persians, Himalayans, etc. that develop high-titre anti-A antibodies?
Type B
When does feline neonatal isoerythrolysis occur?
When Type A or AB kitten consumes colostrum from a type B cat
How do we diagnose IMHA based on blood work?
Regenerative Anemia (PCV<35%)
Reticulocytosis (>60,000/L),
Hemoglobinemia,
Evidence of hemolysis,
Evidence of Abs against RBCs
Coagulation abnormalities: reduced antithrombin levels
How would we diagnose IMHA on blood smear?
Presence of:
Spherocytosis
Reticulocytosis
Polychromasia
Anisocytosis
Increased metarubricytes (nucleated)
Left shift neutrophilia
What is the Coomb’s Test?
Direct Agglutination Test;
Looking for direct auto-antibodies against RBCs
What is the universal donor blood group in dogs?
DEA 4*
What 3 things are most deaths attributed to in IMHA?
- Thromboembolism
- Renal Failure
- Liver Failure
IMHA is which type of hypersensitivity reaction and what is targeted?
Type 2;
glycophorin
