Sociology Chapter 7 Flashcards
What is the existence of structured inequalities between groups in society? In terms of their access to material or symbolic rewards. While all societies involve some form of stratification only with the development of state-based systems did wide differences in wealth and power arise. The most distinctive form of stratification in modern societies in class divisions.
Social Stratification
What are the 4 Principles of Social Stratification?
- Social Stratification is a characteristic of society & not simply a function of individual differences.
- Social stratification persists over generations.
- Social stratification is universal, but not variable.
- Social Stratification involves not just inequality, but also beliefs.
What is the social status a person is assigned at birth or assumed involuntarily later in life?
Ascribed Status
What is the social position that a person earns or choses.
Achieved Status
What is the social system in which one’s social status is given for life?
Caste System
What are examples of Caste Systems?
Ascription (at birth) Endogamy: Marrying within the same caste Low/No mobility Occupational System High status consistency
What is a form of social stratification in which some people are owned by others as their property?
Slavery
What is a social system in which one’s social status is given for life?
Estate System
What is the system of achievement to mobility is available.
Exogamy: Can marry outside of class.
Low status consistency
Class System
What is it called where an individual’s social positions have both positive & negative influences on her social status?
Status Consistency
What is a system of ideas & ideals, especially one that forms the basis of economic or political theory & policy?
Ideology
Whose thesis is this? “Inequality is universal because it has benefits to our society. Increase in importance. Increase in Rewards”
Davis-Moore Thesis
What is a ruling or influential class of educated or skilled people?
Meritocracy
What jobs are more mental labor?
White-collar occupations
What jobs are more physical labor?
Blue-Collar Occupations
What is an economic & sociological combined total measure of a person’s work experience & of an individual’s or family’s economic & social position in relation to others based on income, education, & occupation.
Socioeconomic Status (SES)
What is money that is yearly made typically through salaries or wages or investments?
Income
What is a lifetime net worth. Assets-Debts
Wealth
What is the number of years of schooling a person has completed, is an important dimension of social stratification.
Education
What is an important indicator of one’s social standing? Depends heavily on one’s level of educational attainment.
Occupation
What percentage of America’s income is the wealthiest?
24%
What social class is broadly composed of the more affluent members of society? Especially those who have inherited wealth, own businesses, or hold lard numbers of stocks?
Upper Class
What social class is composed broadly of those working in white-collar, or manual, occupations?
Working Class
What class is composed of those who work part time or not at all and whose household income is typically low?
Lower Class
