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UWL Classes > Developmental Psych Chapter 8 > Flashcards

Developmental Psych Chapter 8 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 4 issues in the field of the study of intelligence?

A

The Roles of Heredity and environment, The influence of ethnic and racial differences, the effects of wealth and poverty, and the possibility of improvement.

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2
Q

What kind of correlation is intellectual task performance?

A

Positive Correlation

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3
Q

What is the hypothesis to intelligence as a single trait?

A

Each individual possesses a certain amount of g (General Intelligence)

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4
Q

What are the 4 things that the measures of g correlates with?

A

School achievement, Information-Processing speed, the speed of neural transmission in the brain, and the knowledge of subjects not studied in school.

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5
Q

Factual knowledge about the world. Refelcts long-term memory.

A

Crystallized Intelligence

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6
Q

Does Crystallized intelligence increase or decrease with age?

A

Increase

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7
Q

The ability to think on the spot to solve problems. Reflects information processing, working-memory, and attentional control.

A

Fluid Intelligence

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8
Q

Does Fluid intelligence decline or incline with age?

A

Declines slowly after early adulthood.

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9
Q

What are these?
Word fluency, verbal meaning, reasoning, spatial visualization, numbering, memorization based on repetition, and perceptual speed.

A

The Human intellect Composed of 7 Primary Mental Abilities

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10
Q

What are these? Remembering, attending, comprehending, encoding, associating, planning, reasoning, problem solving (and more)

A

Information-Processing Analyses

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11
Q

What kind of intelligence did John Carroll propose?

A

3-stratum theory of intelligence

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12
Q

What kind of intelligence is this? Fluid Intelligence –> Crystallized Intelligence –> General Memory and Learning –> Broad Visual Perception –> Broad auditory Perception.

A

3-Stratum Theory of Intelligence

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13
Q

What are the contests of Intelligence Tests?

A

They observe people’s actions on tasks that require various types of intelligence.
They also measure intelligence in chidden of different ages.

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14
Q

What was Wechsler’s Intelligence Scale for Children?

A
  • 6 and older
  • consistent with Carroll’s three stratum framework.
  • Yields: Overall score, verbal comprehension score, perceptual reasoning score, working memory, and processing speed score.
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15
Q

The overall quantitative measure of a child’s intelligence relative to that of other children.

A

The intelligence Quotient

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16
Q

IQ scores fall symmetrically around the mean. The farther a score is from the mean, the fewer people who obtain the score.

A

Normal Distribution

17
Q

Measure of the variability of scores in a distribution

A

Standard Deviation

18
Q

What is most closely related to a child later in occupational success than is any other variable that has been studied?

A

A child’s IQ

19
Q

What does a child’s IQ scores at different ages show?

A

Continuity

20
Q

Involves the ability to inhibit actions, follow rules, and avoid impulsive reactions.

A

Self-Discipline

21
Q

Includes social and emotional skills, predicts occupational success even after the influence of IQ is considered.

A

Practical Intelligence

22
Q

What did Sandra Scarr contribute to?

A

Genotype-Environmental Interactions: Passive Effects, Evocative Effect, Active Effects

23
Q

Genes that children inherit form parents also contribute to their environment.

A

Passive Effects

24
Q

Children elicit or influence other people’s behavior.

A

Evocative Effect

25
Q

What is this an example of? Children who like to read are likely to be raised in a home with lots of books

A

Passive Effects

26
Q

What is this an example of? Parents are more likely to read to children who show interest.

A

Evocative Effect

27
Q

Children choose environments they enjoy.

A

Active Effects

28
Q

What is this an example of?Children who like to read will go to the library.

A

Active Effects

29
Q

When do Average IQ and achievement test scores rise?

A

During the Academic year and not during the summer

30
Q

Average IQ scores in many countries have consistently risen over the past 80 years.

A

Flynn Effect.

31
Q

Seen when an individual’s performance on a certain taste is compromised by psychological effects caused by stereotype.

A

Stereotype Threat

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