SOC 19- Short Term Effects of Exercise Flashcards
Short term effects on muscles
Muscle fatigue and cramp
What is muscle fatigue ?
When you exercise, your muscles feel weak , painful and tired
Why does muscle fatigue happen ?
It occurs as a result of anaerobic respiration. If your cells do not get enough oxygen there will be a build up of lactic acid.
What is lactate accumulation ?
A build up of lactic acid
What is cramp?
Cramp is a severe sort of muscle fatigue, which causes the muscles to contract in a pain full way. It can be affected if a sportsman is hot, tired, dehydrated or has a poor fitness levels
Short term effects of exercise on the heart
When someone trains regular, their heart becomes more efficient and the stroke volume increases. Therefore the heart rate decreases. The heart increases in size, thickness and strength. This enables athletes to perform at a high intensity.
What is heart rate ?
The number of times your heart beats per minute
What would the heart rate of a trained athlete be ?
Lower than that of someome not as fit
Stroke volume
The amount of blood pumped by the heart during each beat. This will increase during physical activity as the muscles will require more blood.
Cardiac output
The amount of blood pumped by the heart in one minute
Cardiac output (equation)
Stroke volume X Heart rate
Short term effects of exercise on your breathing
When you exercise you need to bring in more oxygen and get rid of mo carbon dioxide. Therefore as you exercise the depth and rate of your breathing increases.
When you exercise hard, you use up more oxygen than you take in. This shortfall creates oxygen debt
