SOC 10: PREVENTING INJURIES Flashcards
WHAT ARE THE 2 INJRUIES
Internal and external
WHAT IS AN INTERNAL CAUSES
Overuse injuries, sudden injuries - caused by the individual performing the activity
WHAT IS EXTERNAL CAUSES
Fould play, impact with equipment, the playing surface or opponents, inappropiate clothing and damage of faulty equipment
WHAT ARE THE 8 TYPES OF INJURIES
- dislocation
- fracture
- sprain
- strain
- torn cartillage
- concussion
- abrasions
- soft tissue injury
WHAT IS A SOFT TISSUE INJURY
Joints are where 2 or more bones meet. They are particular prone injury because movement outisde of their normal range can tear or overstreched tendons, ligaments and muscles
WHAT IS A SPRAIN
A sprain is damaged ligament such as a twisted or oversteched ankle
WHEN DO SPAINS OCCUR
They occur when streching too far past the nomral range of a joint
WHAT IS A STRAIN
A strain is a twist, tear or overstreched muscle or a tendon
WHAT IS TORN CARTILLAGE
Cartilage is a firm elastic substance which lines adjoining bones. It absorbs the impact on the bones while reducing the friction during sports/ activity
WHAT IS A CARTILLAGE
Cartilage is a firm elastic substance which lines adjoining bones
WHEN DOES TORN CARTILLAGE OCCUR
Damage to cartilage often occurs due to wear and tear from long-term overuse
WHAT IS A FRACTURE
A fracture is a broken or a cracked bone
WHAT ARE THE 4 TYPES OF FRACTURES
- stress
- compound
- in closed
- simple
WHAT ARE STRESS FRACTURES
They can happen as a result of fatigue
WHAT IS A COMPOUND FRACTURE
the broken bone protrudes through the skin
WHAT IS AN INCLOSED FRACTURE
the skin over the break is not damaged
WHAT IS A SIMPLE FRACTURE
Takes place with no displacement of the bone
WHAT ARE THE DIFFERENT TYPES OF SIMPLE FRACTURES
- GREENSTICK
- TRANSVERSE
- IMPACTED
- COMMINUTED
- OBLIQUE
WHAT IS A GREENSTICK SIMPLE FRACTURE
They break only part way across the bone
WHAT IS A TRANSVERSE SIMPLE FRACTURE
They break straight across
WHAT IS AN IMPACTED SIMPLE FRACTURE
The pieces locked into each other
WHAT IS A COMMINUTED SIMPLE FRACTURE
Broken into more than two pieces
WHAT IS AN OBLIQUE SIMPLE FRACTURE
Break at an angle
WHAT ARE THE TWO TYPES OF STRAINS
- golfers elbow
- tennis elbow
WHAT IS GOLFERS ELBOW
Golfer’s Elbow is felt as pain on the inside of the elbow. It is a repetitive strain injury caused by overuse of the forearm muscles i.e gripping, lifting and activities that involve repetitive forward bending of the wrist
WHAT IS TENNIS ELBOW
Tennis elbow is a condition that causes pain around the outside of the elbow. It’s clinically known as lateral epicondylitis. It often happens after overuse or repeated action of the muscles of the forearm, near the elbow joint
WHAT IS A DISLOCATION
When the bone at a joint is forced out of it’s normal position
WHEN DO DISLOCATIONS OCCUR
It occurs as a result of a hard blow causing one of the bones to be displaced
WHAT ARE SYMPTOMS OF DISLOCATIONS
- deformity
- swelling of joint
WHAT IS AN ABRASION
They are superficial injuries of the skin and visceral linings in the body, resulting in a break in the continuity of tissue
WHEN DO ABRASION OCCUR
Can occur from a tackle or falling over
WHAT ARE CONCUSSIONS
An injury normally caused by a blow to the head
WHEN DOES A CONCUSSION HAPPEN
It can happen in many sports
WHAT ARE THE SYMPTOMS OF A CONCUSSION
- headaches
- weakness
- loss of co-ordination and balance
- confusion
- slurred speech
WHAT IS RICE
- rest
- ice
- compress
- elevate
REST
Rest the injured area for 48 hours
ICE
Ice for 20 minutes at a time, 4-8 times a day
COMPRESS
Compress to help reduce swelling
ELEVATE
Elevate the injured limb 6-10 inches above the heart
WHAT ARE THE 5 WAYS TO PREVENT INJURY
- correct application of principles of training
- correct application and adherence to the rules
- use of appropiate protective clothing
- checking of equipment and facilities
- use of warmup and cool down
