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Veterinary Pharmacology > Small Test 2 - Additional questions > Flashcards

Small Test 2 - Additional questions Flashcards

1
Q

What is approved names used for?

Give an example

A

Used for prescribing Official and Prepared medicines
- eg. AMOXICILLIN
(named by the active ingredient)

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2
Q

Other names for Proprietary name

Give example

A

Licensed, Brand, Trade or Proprietary name
Eg. Betamox injection, Clamoxyl injection
= Fantasy names

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3
Q

Who gives the Proprietary name

A

Manifactures

- can differ a lot from chemical name

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4
Q

Who gives the Approved name

A

Pharmacopoeia Commision

  • can be derived from the chemical name
  • Usefull in the orientation among trade names
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5
Q

Who gives the Chemical name

A

International Naming commision

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6
Q

H2

A 
Date - validity
RX (superscription)
Inscription 
- authorized (fantasy, dose, strength)
Subscription
Signature
WP = even if 0 days
Vet own signature + qualification
Repeat information
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7
Q

Prescription of an OFFICIAL formulated medicine

eg

A

RX
Oxytetracycline Tablets 100mg (BP)
BP = formulated form - Pharmacopoeia
“ in a suitable box”

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8
Q

Prescription of an OCCATIONALLY Prepared medicine

A

RX
Oxytetracycline hydrochloride 2,5 g
Simple ointment base up to 10g
Prepare ointment in total 10g, dispense in a tube.

For external use only
No WP?

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9
Q

Prescription of an AUTHORIZED (proprietary) medicine

A

RX
Nizoral Oral SUSPENSION = shake well before use
Send 1 original package, 100mg
Sig. Give 5ml during meal once daily orally for 5 days.

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10
Q

Special prescription requirement of schedule 2 and 3 drugs

A
  • Indelible (or computer)
  • Signature = INK or electronic prescriptionform.
    1. Name and adress of owner
    2. Date
    3. Name, form & strength of preparation
    4, Total QUANTITY or the number of dosage units = in BOTH words and figures!
    5. dose to be administered
    6. Prescribers signature, qualification and RCVS regnr.
    7. Animal or herd under the vets care

SIGNATURE PART
VALIDATION
REPEAT
SPECIAL CASE

NO CORRECTIONS AT ALL!!!!

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11
Q

Special prescription requirement of schedule 2 and 3 drugs

SIGNATURE PART

A

NO latinisation or abbreviations (signature or label)

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12
Q

Special prescription requirement of schedule 2 and 3 drugs

VALIDATION

A

Valid for 28 days (also S4)

S5= 6 months

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13
Q

Special prescription requirement of schedule 2 and 3 drugs

REPEAT

A

NOT permitted

if preprinted = must be crossed out

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14
Q

Special prescription requirement of schedule 2 and 3 drugs

SPECIAL CASE

A

Buprenorphine - SCHEDULE 3

Does not need to be recorded in CD register, but SAFETY CUSTODY DOES REPLY

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15
Q

Special prescription requirement of schedule 2 and 3 drugs

Example

A

RX
Pentobarbital Sodium 2g (two grams)
Water up to 100 ml ( hundred millilitres) in a children resistant bottle (or suitable package).

Label: Give one dessertspoonful twice daily for five days. NOT SIG!?

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16
Q

Labeling dispensed veterinary medicine
If the product contains eg
- HEXACHLOROPHENE, ASPRIN

A
  1. ASPRIN or similar = Unsuitable for cats
    Asprin within a red rectangle.
  2. HEXACHLOROPHENE for oral administration
    SHEEP = Protective clothing
    CATTLE= Not for use in lactatiing cattle
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17
Q

Labeling dispensed veterinary medicine

Label must include

A
  1. Name and address OWNER & VET!
  2. Date of dispensing
  3. External use only = Topical use
  4. WP (relevant WP)
  5. hexachorophene + aspirin
  6. Animal treatment only - unless too small package
  7. Keep out of reach of childres
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18
Q

Labeling dispensed veterinary medicine

Good practice to also include

A
  1. Drug name, Concentration & amount of dispensed medicine
  2. Information about the application
  3. Recomended use of mechanical letters
  4. Both container and outer packaging should be labeled.
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19
Q

MFS prescription

A

= Food producing animals in large scales

Minerals and Vitamins

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20
Q

MFS

Copies

A

3 copies

  1. Veterinarian
  2. Owner - WP!!
  3. Compounder
    - Inclution rate
    - Proove efficacy of MFS
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21
Q

MFS

Valid for

A

3 months or shorter

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22
Q

MFS

Information should be provided according to data sheet requirement - such as

A

1, inclution rates

  1. Target species
  2. WP
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23
Q

MFS

When and by whom may medicines be incorporated in animal feed stuff

A

By appropriately REGISTERED PERSON
- Only if product has a relevant PRODUCT LICENCE

or an

ATC - Animal test certificate

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24
Q

MEdicinal products to be included in feed must be

A

LICENCED for in-feed use - exeption veterinarian

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25
Q

How long will the treatment with MFS be sufficient

A

Only one course of treatment

- Reevaluate and revisit

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26
Q

All MFS prescriptions follow a specified formate and should include

A
  1. Name and adress of person prescribing
  2. Qualification enabeling the person to prescribe
  3. Name and adress of the keeper of the animals treated
  4. Animal species, identification and nr of animals
  5. Different adress than the keeper?
  6. Date of prescription
  7. Signature or other authentications of the person prescribingg
  8. Name and amount of the product prescribed
  9. Dosage and administration instructions
  10. Warnings?
  11. WP
  12. Manifacturer/distributor of feeding stuff
  13. If validity exceeds 1 month - statement that not more than 31 days supply may be provided at any time
  14. Name,type and quantity of feeding stuff
  15. inclution rate
  16. Special instructions
  17. % of prescribed feeding stuff to be added to daily ration
  18. Prescribed under the cascade
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27
Q

Powder for external use

- Active substances

A 
Antibiotics
Anticeptics
Antimycotics
Ectoparasites
- Repellent not allowed in cat
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28
Q

Powder for external use

Diluent/Filler

A

= Volume to the substance

  1. Talc - not for wounds, avoid humidity
  2. Zink oxide
    - Can be used in wounds = Constrict vessels
29
Q

Powder for internal use

- Administration (Used how)

A

Per Os

Oral dilute

30
Q

Powder for internal use

Categories

A
  1. Water Soluble ( drinking Water)
  2. Power - In-Feed use
  3. Powder - oral solution and suspension
  4. Direct administration (Capsule)
31
Q

Importaint about suspensions

A

Larger particles
Can get sedimented
Shake well before use

32
Q

Powder for internal use

Composition

A
  1. Active substance
  2. Diluent/Filler = Water soluble
    - Lactose!
    - Sorbit + Glucose = Bitter taste
33
Q

Powder for internal use

When is dividation method used

A
  1. When Narrow TI

= Toxic reactions can be seen

34
Q

Which method is more precice than DIVIDATION and why

A

Dispensation = More precise

DIVIDATION is measured with naked eye

35
Q

Sentence for dividation (Subscription)

A

“Please prepare a powder in total 10 gram, devide into 10 equal portion each”

36
Q

Powder for internal use

Devided?

A

Non devided = WIDE TI

Devided = NARROW TI

37
Q

The use of Granules

How is it given, and in which cases

A

Per Os = ORALY

  1. Farm animals - Feed or drinking water
  2. Small animals+humans
    - Solution or
    - Mixed into feed or
    - Direct admin (capsules)
38
Q

Size of Granules

A

Can differ
1-2 ml = Small
1cm = large

39
Q

Composition of Granules

A

1- Active substance
2- Diluent/Filler: Saccharose, Lactose
3- Binder: Purified Water, Ethanol, Methylcellulose
4- Coating if needed

40
Q

Composition of Granules

Omeprazol

A
  1. Proton pump inhibitor - Stomach protective (Ulceration)
  2. Not to get dissolved in gastric juice
    - Sensitive to gastric juice
    - Decomposed
41
Q

Proes about granules in capsules

A

Long duration of action - combining

42
Q

Medicated premix is used for

A

Preparing medicated feeding stuff

43
Q

Premix

Feed supplements

A

Microelements
Vitamins
Prebiotics
Dewormers

44
Q

Usage of Premix

A

Oral
Powder, granulated, liquid
Homogenous mixing - by the compounder

45
Q

Premix composition

Active substance

A
  • Medicated premix (AB)

- Feed supplements: Microelements, vitamins, prebiotics, probiotics

46
Q

Premix composition

Diluent/Filler

A

Feed based

  • Nutritional Value: Cereal flour
  • Indifferent: Silicates
47
Q

What is restricted due to AB use from january

A

Restricted in group use

48
Q

Usage of capsule

A

Orally, NO CHEWING

  • Only individual treatment
  • SMALL ANIMAL MEDICINE
49
Q

Soft Capsule

A 
Gelatine+Sugar+Glycerol+Water
Now= Synthetic Polymers
Soft capsules containing liquid = Omega 3
Thicker wall
Dissolves in gastric fluid (15min)
50
Q

Hard Capsule

A

Gelatine+Sugar+Water
Now: HPMC (Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose)
Dissolves in gastric fluid (15min)

51
Q

Gastro Resistant Capsule

A

Methacrylate coating
= Capsula intestinosolvens
= will not dissolve in gastric juice

52
Q

Tablet in general

A

Most PRECICE devided form
- Per Os
- Intrauterine, Intravaginal (cow-metritis)
- For preparing solutions
(Soluble, Effervescent - gassproduction when disolving)

53
Q

Composition of tablets

A 
Active substance
Diluent/Filler
Binder
Lubricant - Liquid Parafin - easyer to swallow
Coloring, Flavouring agents
= identify - children
= Flavour - Dog, Cat, Equine
54
Q

Coating of tablets

A
  1. Film coated tablets
    (can be intestinosolvent)
  2. Dragees = Sugarcoated tablets
    (acidic = bitter taste)
  3. TiO2 (titanium dioxide) –> Protection from light
55
Q

Modified Release Tablets

A
  1. Controll Release tablet
    - Provide higher duration of action with higher plasma conc.

Methimazole - In cat - Hyper thoroidism

56
Q

Modified Release Tablets

Insoluble Matrix

A

Longer duration

Potassium Citrate - Cardiac Failure

57
Q

Modified Release Tablets

Soluble Matrix

A

Diffutab

Polymer+Drug

58
Q

Intraruminal bolus

A

= Modified Release
*Ruminants - LARGE tablets

  1. Sustained Release - last 6 weeks
  2. Pulse release - Dewormer 2 weeks
    (Walls degraded 2 weeks at the tone)
    Dewormer kills adults not larvae
59
Q

Intraruminal bolus

Not used in which species

A

Horse

60
Q

Packaging of tablets

A

Plastic or alluminum (BLISTER) and paper box (Authorized products)

61
Q

Transdermal patch and Subdermal Implant

A

Continous, Prolonged release

62
Q

Transdermal patch

A 
Drugs with excellent dermal absorbtion
--> Systemic effect (Analgesic)
Do not cut!
Modified release
Nicotinic plaster
63
Q

Subdermal Implant

A

Continous, prolonged release
- Frequently used
- Oestrus synchronisation (progestagens)
= Inhibit heat in large animals

Progestagens cause oesterus - Corpus luteum

= Chemical castration

64
Q

Antiparasitic collars and ear tags

A

Collar = Dog and Cat
Eartag= Ruminants
Usually prescription is not required
Release continiously and slowly

65
Q

Vaginal Delivery systems

A

Oesterus synchronisation (Progestagens)

  • NOT for horses = Might fall out
  • For horses = Subdermal implant more polite
66
Q

Solid dosage forms

A
  1. Powder for external use
  2. Powder for internal use
  3. Granules
  4. Premix
  5. Capsule
  6. Tablet (= Packaging)
  7. Modified Release Tablets
    - Insoluble matrix
    - Soluble Matrix
  8. Intraruminal bolus
    (Modified Release Tablets)
    - Sustained
    - Pulse
  9. Transdermal Patch
  10. Subdermal Implant
  11. Antiparasitic collars and eartags
  12. Vaginal delivery system
  13. Herbal Tea
67
Q

Herbal Tea

A 
Per Os
Topically = Washing wounds
1. Infusion
2. Decoction
3. Soaking

VIT C
Rose hip -> Room temp

68
Q

Forms of Prescription

A

Structure
1. Official formulated medicine (BP)

  1. Occationally Prepared medicine (Ointment)
    - External use only
  2. Authorized (proprietary) Medicine
    - Suspension
    Controlled drugs
  3. MFS

Veterinary Pharmacology (21 decks)

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