MIDTERM 1 - Repetition

Question 1

DRUG-RECEPTOR INTERACTIONS:

Devided into

Answer 1

1. Physical interaction
   and
2. Biochemical interaction

Question 2

DRUG-RECEPTOR INTERACTIONS:
1. Physical interaction
4 types

Answer 2

1- Osmotic Diuretics:
2- Antacids:
3- Laxatives:
4- Chelators:

Question 3

DRUG-RECEPTOR INTERACTIONS:
1. Physical interaction
Example of
1- Osmotic Diuretics:

Answer 3

• Mannitol– cannot cross biological membranes
• Cannot be reabsorbed by the kidney and is excreted by glomerular filtration = osmotic diuresis.
• Useful for acute renal failure when urine production stops due to kidney damage or injury which leads to shock i.e. no blood supply. This could occur due to glycol poisoning (antifreeze) and the animal can die from a build-up of toxic substances.

Question 4

DRUG-RECEPTOR INTERACTIONS:
1. Physical interaction
Example of
ANTACIDS

Answer 4

Magnesium Hydroxide (MgSO4) – An example of a product of this antacid is RENNIE.

• It is used when there is a build-up of gastric acid leading to hyperacidity.
• It aids by neutralizing the pH of HCl (1-2 elevated to 4-5

Question 5

DRUG-RECEPTOR INTERACTIONS:
1. Physical interaction
Example of
- Laxatives:

Answer 5

• Laxatives: Magnesium Sulphate (MgSO4) – Example above.

Question 6

DRUG-RECEPTOR INTERACTIONS:
1. Physical interaction
Example of
- Chelators:

Answer 6

Bind with metal ions to form stable, water-soluble complexes.

EDTA – Used for lead poisoning/overdose.
Deferoxamine: Used for iron overdose.

Question 7

DRUG-RECEPTOR INTERACTIONS:
2. Biochemical interaction
Withought receptors

Answer 7

• Inhibition of enzymes:
• DNA damage:
• Transporters:

Question 8

DRUG-RECEPTOR INTERACTIONS:

2. Biochemical interaction
   - Inhibition of enzymes:

Answer 8

1. NSAIDs – e.g. LOXICAM. (COX)
   - MELOXICAM, CARPROFEN, ASPIRIN.
2. ACE inhibitors – angiotensin converting enzymes
3. AChE inhibitors – acetylcholinesterase enzyme

Question 9

DRUG-RECEPTOR INTERACTIONS:

2. Biochemical interaction

Answer 9

• DNA damage: most anti-cancer drugs target and damage DNA cells.
• Transporters: