Small test 1 Flashcards
What are the types of the cascade
- Non-food producing animals
- Food producing terrestrial animal species
- Food producing aquatic animal species
Which schedule is not used therapeutically
Schedule 1
Which schedule needs a special locker receptacle
Schedule 2 and Buprenorphine
WP of meat when using human authorized medicine
28 days
What are the purposes of the application of medicine
Therapy Prophylaxis - Prevention Metaphylaxis Diagnosis Growth Euthanasia
What is POM-VPQ? Explain
Prescription-only-medicine - Veterinarian, pharmasist, Suitable qualified person
Room temperature for medicines
15-25 degrees
Which schedules are not used for therapeutical use in animals
Schedule 1
What drugs need recording
All veterinary treatment need recording, except homeopathic treatments.
Schedule 1-5
Drug usage
1. Therapy
Who is treated?
• Individual therapy
o Typically pets
• Mass medication
o Typically production animals
Drug usage
1. Therapy
What is treated?
1• Causative treatment
o Treating cause, not just symptoms
o E.g., Antibiotics, antiviral, antifungal
2• Symptomatic (palliative) treatment
o Treating the symptoms that occur during disease (such as fever), but not the cause of the diseases E.g., Painkillers, anti-inflammatory, mucolytic
3• Substitution therapy
o If the body lacks some kind of substance
(such as a hormone), it can be added to achieve a normal body
function.
o E.g., Levothyroxin to treat hypothyroidism (Bingo!), insulin, glucocorticoids to treat Addison’s disease
Drug usage
Types
- Therapy
- Prevention (Prophylaxis)
- Metaphylaxis
- Growth promotion
- Diagnosis ex juvantibus
Drug usage
Types of therapy
- Causative
- Symptomatic (palliative) treatment
- Substitution therapy
Drug usage
What is 1. Causative therapy
Causative treatment
o Treating cause, not just symptoms
o E.g., Antibiotics, antiviral, antifungal
Drug usage
What is 2. Symptomatic (palliative) treatment
Symptomatic (palliative) treatment
o Treating the symptoms that occur during disease (such as fever), but not the cause of the diseases
E.g., Painkillers, anti-inflammatory, mucolytic
Drug usage
What is 3. Substitution therapy
Substitution therapy
o If the body lacks some kind of substance (such as a hormone), it can be added to achieve normal body
function.
o E.g., Levothyroxin to treat hypothyroidism (Bingo!), insulin, glucocorticoids to treat Addison’s disease
Drug usage
2. Prevention (Prophylaxis)
Examples: • Antibiotics are given prior to surgery to avoid infection. • Vaccines! • Repellents: o Selamectin against flees (and more) o Imidacloprid (insect repellent)
Drug usage
3. Metaphylaxis
Applying medication to ALL animals in a herd, when only a few are sick. It is a type of preventative treatment and is
used in production animals mainly that can easily infect each other.
Drug usage
4. Growth promotion
Illegal (EU) growth promotion
Illegal (EU) growth promotion
• Growth hormone
• Β2-agonists (reduce lipid content in meat)
• Antibiotics
Drug usage
4. Growth promotion
Legal growth promotion
• Probiotics o Beneficial bacteria in the stomach • Prebiotics o Oligosaccharides • Symbiotic o When pro-and prebiotics are applied together
Drug usage
5. Diagnosis ex juvantibus
“Guess” the disease and give treatment for that disease.
→ If the problem is solved, then the guess was correct
Typical for skin problems
Sources of drugs
Drug cascade rule
Drug cascade rule
When applying treatment/medication to an animal we need to follow the drug cascade rule. There are 5 types of
treatments listed from 1-5, and we need should always try to use medication that is from the lowest numbered group
first!!
Sources of drugs
Drug cascade rule
The order
• (1) Veterinary authorized medicines (AVM)
o Non-immunological drugs
o Immunologicals
▪ Vaccines (active)
▪ Serums (passive)
▪ Diagnostics
• (2) Human authorised medicines
o Some of them are off-limits!
• (3) Official and Prepared medicines
o Pharmacopoeias: reference work for the quality control of medicines (book)
• (4) Biocides
o Disinfectants, insecticides, rodenticides
• (5) Complementary products
o Vitamins, minerals, natural, herbal etc.
Sources of drugs
Drug cascade rule
• (1) Veterinary authorized medicines (AVM)
o Non-immunological drugs
o Immunologicals
▪ Vaccines (active)
▪ Serums (passive)
▪ Diagnostics