small bowel pathology Flashcards
what can cause ischaemia of the small bowel
mesenteric arterial occlusion, non-occlusive perfusion insufficiency
what can cause occlusion
atherosclerosis and thromboembolism (a fib)
what can cause non-occlusive
shock, obstruction of venous return, drugs, hyperviscocity
in non occlusion when does most tissue damage occur
after
how can ischaemia progress
mucosal infarct –> mural –> transmural
what are the symptoms of ischaemia
‘angina of gut’, vomiting, distended abdomen, absent bowel sound
how do you investigate and treat ischaemia
CT angio and ABG’s, surgery
what are complications of ischaemia
resolution, fibrosis, gangrene, perforation, sepsis
what is meckel’s diverticulum
incomplete regression of duct during development, normally asymptomatic can cause bleeding or intessuception, diverticulitis which mimics appendicitis
what tumours are most common in small bowel
primary is rare, normally mets from ovary, colon, stomach. lymphomas, adencarcinoma, carcinoid
where do lymphomas arise from and where are they found
B or T cells, ileum
where are adenocarcinomas found
normally duodenum or jejunum
where are carcinoid tumours found, what can it cause and what are some symptoms
normally appendix, carcinoid syndrome if liver mets, flushing and diarrhoea
