anorectal Flashcards
what are the main anorectal diseases
haemorrhoids, rectal prolapse, anal fissure, fistula in ano
what are haemorrhoids (or piles)
enlarged vascular cushions from swollen veins
what are the symptoms of haemorrhoids
painless bleeding, itchiness, no bowel changes, no weight loss
how do you investigate haemorrhoids
PR, sigmoidoscopy, proctoscopy
what is the management for haemorrhoids
sclerosation, band ligation, haemorrhoiectoimy
what is a rectal prolapse
rectum falls out, anterior = partial
what are the symptoms of prolapse
poor anal tone, mass esp in pooing, blood and mucous
how do you treat a prolapse
delormes procedure, perineal rectopexy, ando rectopexy, anterior resection
what is an anal fissure
tear in anal margin due to constipation
what are the symptoms of a fissure
‘passing glass’, bright red bleeing
how do you treat fissures
stool softeners, botox
what is a fistula ina ano
internal cavity and skin on cavity
what can cause fistula in ano
IBD, TB, cancer
what is a common complication of a fistula in ano
anorectal abscess
how do you treat a fistula in ano
stent, glue, LIFT
