SM_115b: Anxiety Disorders Flashcards
Anxiety disorders are ____
Anxiety disorders are excessive, persistent, and unfounded feelings of nervousness interfering with normal daily activities and creating distress
(cognitive and somatic symptoms)
Pyschoanalytic theory of anxiety ____, ____, and ____
Pyschoanalytic theory of anxiety
- Anxirty is a signal of danger / conflict in unconscious
- Incomplete repression
- Does not differentiate between normal and pathological
Behavioral perspectives of anxiety indicate ____
Behavioral perspectives of anxiety indicate anxiety results from negative reinforcement (operant conditioning)
(also classical conditioning)
Cognitive theory of anxiety states anxiety results from ____, including ____ and ____
Cognitive theory of anxiety states anxiety results from inaccurate thinking, including overestimation of threat and underestimation of control
Physiological explanation of anxiety is that anxiety is ____
Physiological explanation of anxiety is that anxiety is a response to a peripheral phenomenon
- Physiologic signs associated with release of epinephrine
- Increased sympathetic tone, adapt more slowly to repeated stimuli, respond excessively to moderate stimuli
Anxiety response arises from the same nervous circuit as the fear response, in which the ____
Anxiety response arises from the same nervous circuit as the fear response, in which the amygdala plays a large role
In anxiety, GABA may be ____
In anxiety, GABA may be lacking
(GABA is inhibitory)
Describe neurotransmitters involved in anxiety
Neurotransmitters involved in anxiety
- GABA: high concentrations in CNS, major inhibitory
- Serotonin: cell bodies in raphe nuclei, may attenuate activity of the locus coeruleus
- NE: poorly regulated system with bursts of activity, majority of noradrenergic neurons in the CNS
Anxiety disorders include ____, ____, ____, ____, ____, and ____
Anxiety disorders include
- Panic
- Agoraphobia
- Social phobia
- Specific phobia
- OCD
- GAD
Obsessions are ____
Obsessions are recurrent, persistent thoughts, images, or impulses experienced as intrusive and unwanted, usually causing marked distress
Compulsions are ____
Compulsions are repetitive behaviors or mental acts which a person feels driven to perform in response to obsession or rigid rules to reduce their anxiety
Describe DSM-5 criteria for OCD
OCD DSM-5 criteria
- Presence of obsessions, compulsions, or both
- At some point in the illness, individual has relealized obsessions or compulsions are excessive / unreasonable
- Symptoms are time-consuming (> 1 hr/day) or cause significant distress or impairment
Half of people with OCD have ____ obsessions
Half of people with OCD have uncleanliness obsessions
OCD has onset in ____ and recurs in ____
OCD has onset in adolescence and recurs in early adulthood
OCD has a ____ etiological component
OCD has a genetic etiological component
(linked to Tourette Syndrome, occurrence in Syndenham’s chorea and PANDAS)