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KIN 260 - HUMAN ANATOMY > Skull Bones > Flashcards

Skull Bones Flashcards

1
Q

What are the immovable joints in the skull called?

A
  • Sutures
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2
Q

What is the main function of the skull?

A
  • to protect the brain
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3
Q

How many cranial bones are there?

A
  • 8
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4
Q

How many facial bones are there?

A
  • 14
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5
Q

What are the names of the eight cranial bones?

A
  • Frontal bone
  • Parietal bones (2)
  • Temporal bones (2)
  • Occipital bone
  • Sphenoid bone
  • Ethmoid bone
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6
Q

What does the frontal bone form?

A
  • the forehead
  • the anterior portion of the cranial cavity
  • part of each orbit (eye socket)
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7
Q

What are some features of the frontal bone?

A
  • supraorbital margin (2)
  • supraorbital foramen (2)
  • both are near the eyebrow or top of eye socket
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8
Q

What do the parietal bones form?

A
  • the top and upper part of the sides of the head
  • most of the superolateral portion of the cranial cavity
  • the lower part of the sides of the head (temples)
  • most of the inferolateral portion of the cranial cavity
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9
Q

What are some features of the temporal bones?

A
  • Styloid process
  • Mastoid process
  • Stylomastoid foramen
  • Carotid foramen
  • Jugular foramen
  • Zygomatic process
  • Mandibular fossa
  • External auditory meatus
  • Internal auditory meatus
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10
Q

What are the three areas of the ear?

A
  • inner ear
  • middle ear
  • outer ear
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11
Q

What is the scientific name for the “eardrum”?

A
  • tympanic membrane
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12
Q

What is the opening between the middle ear and inner ear known as?

A
  • the oval window
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13
Q

What are the three little bones in the ear?

A
  • malleus
  • incus
  • stapes
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14
Q

What bone is attached to the tympanic membrane?

A
  • the malleus
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15
Q

What bone is attached to a membrane covering the oval window?

A
  • the stapes
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16
Q

What are the smallest bones in the body?

A
  • auditory ossicles
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17
Q

What does the occipital bone form?

A
  • The back of the head

- The posteroinferior portion of the cranial cavity

18
Q

What are some features of the occipital bone?

A
  • Foramen magnum
  • Occipital condyle (2)
  • External occipital protuberance
  • Superior nuchal line (2)
  • Inferior nuchal line (2)
19
Q

What does the sphenoid bone form?

A
  • The middle part of the inferior portion of the cranial cavity
  • Part of each orbit
  • Part of the nasal cavity
20
Q

What does the word Sphenoid mean in greek?

A
  • wedge

- “keystone” to the cranial floor since it articulates with all of the other cranial bones

21
Q

What are some features of the Sphenoid bone?

A
  • Body
  • Sella turcica (“Turkish saddle”)
  • Sphenoid sinus
  • Greater wing (2)
  • Lesser wing (2)
  • Pterygoid process (4)
  • Optic foramen (2)
  • Superior orbital fissure (2)
  • Foramen ovale (2)
  • Foramen rotundum (2)
22
Q

What does the ethmoid bone form?

A
  • Part of the anteroinferior portion of the cranial floor
  • Part of each orbit
  • Part of the border of the nasal cavity
23
Q

What does the word ethmoid mean in greek?

A
  • “sieve-like”

- sponge-like in appearance with lots of small cavities

24
Q

What are some features of the ethmoid bone?

A
  • Cribiform plate
  • Olfactory foramina
  • Crista galli
  • Perpendicular plate
  • Lateral mass (2)
  • Ethmoidal sinuses
  • Superior nasal concha (2)
  • Middle nasal concha (2)
25
Q

What are the 14 facial bones?

A
  • Nasal bone (2)
  • Lacrimal bones (2)
  • Zygomatic bones (2)
  • Maxillae (2)
  • Palatine bones (2)
  • Vomer
  • Inferior nasal conchae (2)
  • Mandible
26
Q

What does the zygomatic arch consist of?

A
  • Temporal process of the zygomatic bone

- Zygomatic process of the temporal bone

27
Q

What bones form the hard palate?

A
  • palatine process of the maxilla and horizontal plate of palatine bone (2)
28
Q

What is a feature of the maxillae?

A
  • infraorbital foramen
29
Q

What are some features of the mandible?

A
  • Mandibular foramen (2)
  • Coronoid process (2)
  • Mandibular notch (2)
  • Condylar process (2)
  • Ramus, angle, body of mandible
30
Q

What are the movable bones in the skull?

A
  • mandible

- auditory ossicles

31
Q

What bones are in the roof of the orbits?

A
  • Frontal bone

- Sphenoid bone

32
Q

What bones are in the lateral wall of the orbits?

A
  • Zygomatic bone

- Sphenoid bone

33
Q

What bones are in the medial wall of the orbits?

A
  • Maxilla
  • Lacrimal bone
  • Ethmoid bone
  • Sphenoid bone
34
Q

What bones are in the floor of the orbits?

A
  • Maxilla
  • Zygomatic bone
  • Sphenoid bone
35
Q

What bones form nasal septum?

A
  • perpendicular plate of ethmoid bone
  • vomer bone
  • septal nasal cartilage
36
Q

What is the function of the paranasal sinuses?

A
  • to decrease the weight of the skull and increase the surface area of the nasal mucosa (moisten/clean inhaled air)
37
Q

What bones have sinuses?

A
  • frontal bone
  • sphenoid bone
  • ethmoid bone
  • maxillae
38
Q

Where is the hyoid bone located?

A
  • the anterior neck between the mandible and larynx
39
Q

Whats a fun fact about the hyoid bone?

A
  • it does not articulated with any other bone
40
Q

What is the purpose of the hyoid bone?

A
  • provides attachment sites for muscles of the tongue, pharynx, and anterior neck

KIN 260 - HUMAN ANATOMY (21 decks)

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