Skin VII Flashcards

1
Q

list the 3 members of dermatophytes

A
  • Epidermophyton spp.
  • Microsporum spp.
  • Trichopyhton spp.
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2
Q

dermatophytes are spread via ____

why is this significant?

A

dermatophytes are spread via peron-to-person contact

fungi are usually inhaled but this is an exception

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3
Q

diagnosis of dermatophytes is skin/hair/nail scraping cultured on ____

A

diagnosis of dermatophytes is skin/hair/nail scraping cultured on Mycosel agar

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4
Q

70% of Trichophyton cases are ____

A

70% of Trichophyton cases are athlete’s foot (Trichophyton rubrum)

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5
Q

why is Microsporum, macroconidia significant?

A

they are positive for the 3 tests:

hair perforation test +

fluorescence +

urea +

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6
Q

what fungus is implicated in a vignette that has “sleeping with a dog,” or “got a dog recently”?

A

Microsporum canis

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7
Q
A

“spindle/lancet-shaped”

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8
Q

describe the image

A

“Beaver tail”

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9
Q

describe the image

A

parallel-shaped macroconidia

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10
Q

describe the image

A

“birds on a line”

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11
Q

the most common cause of Tinea versicolor is ____

A

the most common cause of Tinea versicolor is Malassezia furfur

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12
Q

M. furfur produces hypopigmented plaques by inhibiting ___

A

M. furfur produces hypopigmented plaques by inhibiting tyrosinase

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13
Q

what causes the condition seen in the image?

A

M. furfur

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14
Q

diagnosis of the condition seen in the image is via ___

A

diagnosis is via KOH preparation, which shows short hyphae and spores with a spaghetti-and-meatballs appearance

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15
Q
A
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16
Q

treatment of Tinea versicolor is with ____

A

treatment of Tinea versicolor is with Selenium sulfide shampoo

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17
Q

the cause of Tinea nigra is ____

A

the cause of Tinea nigra is Hotaea werneckii

18
Q

Tinea nigra appears as a brownish spot caused by ____

A

Tinea nigra appears as a brownish spot caused by melanin-like pigment in the hyphae

19
Q

Tinea nigra appears as a ____ spot caused by the melanin-like pigment in the hyphae

A

Tinea nigra appears as a brownish spot caused by the melanin-like pigment in the hyphae

20
Q

black and white piedra is caused by fungal infection of ____

A

black and white piedra is caused by fungal infection of the hair shaft

21
Q

the nodules in black and white piedra are ___ and ___ of the fungus (____)

A

the nodules in black and white piedra are hyphae and fruiting bodies of the fungus (ascostroma)

22
Q

black piedra is caused by ____ and ____

A

black piedra is caused by Piedraia hortae and Trichosporon ovoides

23
Q

white piedra is caused by fungi in the ____ genus

A

white piedra is caused by fungi in the Trichophyton genus

24
Q

in black and white piedra, ___ and ___ are potentially life-threatening in immunocompromised patients

A

in black and white piedra, Trichosporon asahii and T. inkin are potentially life-threatening in immunocompromised patients

25
Q

chromoblastomycosis is caused by ____

A

chromoblastomycosis is caused by Dematiaceous fungi

26
Q

describe the presentation in chromoblastomycosis

A

a verrucous, slow-growing nodule present as large brown spherical bodies (chromo bodies) in the dermis

27
Q

in labs, chromoblastomycosis is seen as dark brown, round fungal balls in ___ or ____

A

in labs, chromoblastomycosis is seen as dark brown, round fungal balls in leukocytes or giant cells

28
Q

the transmission of chromoblastomycosis is via ____

A

the transmission of chromoblastomycosis is via traumatic implantation

29
Q

the condition seen in the image extends along ____

A

chromoblastomycosis extends along the lymphatics

30
Q

the condition seen in the image is a slowly progressive, ____ infection that is caused by fungi when introduced into the skin through trauma

A

chromoblastomycosis is a slowly progressive, granulomatous infection that is caused by fungi when introduced into the skin through trauma

31
Q

sporotrichosis is caused by ____

A

sporotrichosis is caused by Sporothrix schenckii

32
Q

sporotrichosis is also called ____

A

sporotrichosis is also called “rose gardener’s disease”

33
Q

sporotrichosis spreads/follows the ___

A

sporotrichosis spreads/follows the lymph

34
Q

describe the 2 presentations in the lab of sporotrichosis

A
35
Q

transmission of sporotrichosis is commonly associated with….

A

transmission of sporotrichosis is commonly associated with:

splinters

thorns

moss

mulch

hay

36
Q
A
37
Q

Candidiasis causes ____

A

Candidiasis causes oral thrush, cutaneous candidiasis, vaginitis

38
Q

describe the lab test performed on Candida

A
  • tissue specimen: 10% KOH
  • culturing on selective and differential yeast media (i.e. tryptan blue media)
    • Candida appears light blue
39
Q

diagnosis of Candidiasis is by observing ____ and ____ in specimen

A

diagnosis of Candidiasis is by observing budding yeast cells and pseudohyphae in specimen

40
Q

dimorphic fungi are :

yeast at ____ degrees C

mold at ____ degrees C

A

yeast at 37 degrees C

mold at 25 degrees C