Multisystem I: Flaviviridae Flashcards

1
Q

Flaviviridae (Yellow fever, Dengue and Zika) are characterized by ____

A

Flaviviridae (Yellow fever, Dengue and Zika) are characterized by high fevers

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2
Q

Yellow fever leads to severe systemic disease with degeneration of ____

A

Yellow fever leads to severe systemic disease with degeneration of liver, kidney, heart as well as hemorrhage

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3
Q

there is massive ____ in Yellow fever, ultimately leading to ____

A

there is massive GI bleeds in Yellow fever, ultimately leading to black vomit

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4
Q

Dengue is also called ____ fever

A

Dengue is also called break-bone fever

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5
Q

conjunctivitis in a question stem should point towards what disease?

A

Zika

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6
Q

Yellow fever is part of the ___ family of viruses

A

Yellow fever is part of the Flaviviridae family of viruses

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7
Q

the vector for YF is ____

A

the vector for YF is Aedes aegypti (mosquito)

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8
Q

the Yellow fever virus infects ___ and leads to ___ degradation and release of ____

A

the Yellow fever virus infects hepatocytes and leads to eosinophilic degradation and release of cytokines

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9
Q

____ appears in the hepatocyte cytoplasm after being infected with YF

A

councilman bodies (apoptotic masses) appears in the hepatocyte cytoplasm after being infected with YF

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10
Q

severe cases of YF progress to ____

A

severe cases of YF progress to fever, jaundice, bleeding, kidney problems (characterized by hematemesis) and collapse

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11
Q

Dengue fever is part of the ___ family of viruses

A

Dengue fever is part of the Flaviviridae family of viruses

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12
Q

the Dengue virus replicates in ____

A

the Dengue virus replicates in lymph nodes

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13
Q

the initial infection of Flaviviridae viruses is primarily in ___ and ___ (cells)

A

the initial infection of Flaviviridae viruses is primarily in macrophages and monocytes

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14
Q

repeat infection with ___ can lead to severe ____

A

repeat infection with another of the 4 DENV strains can lead to severe Dengue (Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) or Dengue shock syndrome (DSS))

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15
Q

describe the process of repeat infection with Dengue

A

memory T-cells become activated → release cytokines & initiation of inflammatory responses/rxns → weakening & rupture of vasculature, internal bleeding, loss of plasma lead to shock

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16
Q

____ promote the uptake of Dengue virus into macrophages

A

non-neutralizing antibodies promote the uptake of Dengue virus into macrophages

17
Q

in a repeat infection with a subsequent serotype, antibodies are of ____ and instead of clearing the virus, they ____

A

in a repeat infection with a subsequent serotype, antibodies are of sub-neutralizing concentrations and instead of clearing the virus, they enhance infection with a different serotype → harsher symptoms are seen

18
Q

the clinical features of DF begins with _____

A

the clinical features of DF begins with a sudden high fever (40 C, 104 F)

19
Q

list the 2 characteristic clinical features of DF

A

pain behind the eyes (retro-orbital)

muscle and joint pains (breakbone fever)

20
Q

the hemorrhage seen in DF is described as “____”

A

the hemorrhage seen in DF is described as “white islands in a sea of red”

21
Q

Chikungunya is part of the ____ family of viruses

A

Chikungunya is part of the Togaviridae family of viruses

22
Q

describe the pathogenesis of Chikungunya virus

A
23
Q

Chikungunya replicates in ____ of the dermis

A

Chikungunya replicates in the fibroblasts of the dermis

24
Q

describe the clinical features of Chikungunya

A
25
Q

Zika virus is part of the ____ family of viruses

A

Zika virus is part of the Flaviviridae family of viruses

26
Q

Zika virus interacts with ___ and ___ that facilitates the fusion of the virus

A

Zika virus interacts with E-glycoproteins and cellular receptors (glycoproteins) that facilitate the fusion of the virus

27
Q

in what aspect are Zika and Dengue opposite?

A

Zika INHIBITS apoptosis

Dengue INDUCES apoptosis

28
Q

____ is a characteristic clinical feature of Zika virus

A

conjunctivitis is a characteristic clinical feature of Zika virus

29
Q

list the 2 complications of Zika virus infection

A
  • GBS
  • microcephaly
30
Q

the ___ lineage of Zika virus causes microcephaly because the virus invades ____

A

the Asian lineage of Zika virus causes microcephaly because the virus invades developing neurons

31
Q

name 3 demographics where vaccines are contraindicated

A

children < 9 months

pregnant women

persons with egg allergies or altered immune status

32
Q
A