Multisystem IV Flashcards
the larvae of Echinococcus granulosus form slow-growing tumor-like structures laminated in a ____
the larvae of Echinococcus granulosus form slow-growing tumor-like structures laminated in a hydatid cyst
list the definitive hosts of Echinococcus granulosus
dogs
____ are the intermediate hosts of Echinococcus granulosus
sheep, goats, cattle are the intermediate hosts of Echinococcus granulosus
the characteristic sign of Echinococcus granulosus causes “____ echinoccus”
the characteristic sign of Echinococcus granulosus causes “cystic echinoccus “
rupture of a ___ in Echinococcus granulosus can be an emergency since it can cause fever, urticaria, eosinophilia and ____
rupture of a cyst in Echinococcus granulosus can be an emergency since it can cause fever, urticaria, eosinophilia and anaphylactic shock
list the definitive hosts of Echinococcus multilocularis
primarily foxes (dogs, wolves, coyotes)
____ are the intermediate hosts of Echinococcus multilocularis
small rodents are the intermediate hosts of Echinococcus multilocularis
describe the pathogenesis of Echinococcus spp.
after ingestion of Echinococcus eggs, they hatch in the ____ and release ____
after ingestion of the Echinococcus eggs, they hatch in the SI and release oncosphere
after release of the oncosphere, the penetrate the ____ and migrate into ____
after release of the oncosphere, the penetrate the intestinal wall and migrate into circulatory system (into various organs like liver, lungs)
Echinococcus spp. avoid immune response recognition through ____ of ____
Echinococcus spp. avoid immune response recognition through concealment of antigenic sites
Echinococcus multilocularis affects the ___ as a slow growing, destructive ____ which causes ____
Echinococcus multilocularis affects the liver as a slow growing, destructive tumor which causes abdominal pain & biliary obstruction
describe E. granulosus vs. E. multilocularis
the vectors for Schistosomiasis are the ____/____
the vectors for Schistosomiasis are the trematode worms/blood flukes
S. haemotobium has a ____ spine
S. mansoni has a ____ spine
S. japonicum has a ____ spine
S. haemotobium has a terminal spine
S. mansoni has a lateral spine
S. japonicum has a small spine
infection with Schistosomiasis occurs when skin comes in contact with contaminated freshwater containing ____ and the ____ penetrate
infection with Schistosomiasis occurs when skin comes in contact with contaminated freshwater containing infected snails and the cercariae penetrate
over several weeks, the Schistosomiasis parasites migrate through host tissue and develop into ____ inside ____ of the body
over several weeks, the Schistosomiasis parasites migrate through host tissue and develop into adult worms inside blood vessels of the body
the clinical presentation of Schistosomiasis is “____ itch” which is due to penetration of ____
the clinical presentation of Schistosomiasis is “swimmer’s itch” which is due to penetration of schistosomulum
after 3-10 days of Schistosomiasis penetration, there is “______” which is due to migration of ____
after 3-10 days of Schistosomiasis penetration, there is “Schistosomular pneumonitis” which is due to migration of schistosomulae
“acute schisto” is also called “____” which is an immune complex syndrome due to onset of egg laying which results in acute febrile reaction with ____
“acute schisto “ is also called “Katayama Fever” which is an immune complex syndrome due to onset of egg laying which results in acute febrile reaction with hypereosinophilia
S. mansoni affects the ____ which leads to ___
and in advanced cases, causes ____ enlargement
S. mansoni affects the intestine which leads to abdominal pain, diarrhea, blood in stool
and in advanced cases, causes liver enlargement
infection with S. haematobium results in ___ trapped in the wall of ____ or ____
infection with S. haematobium results in ova trapped in the wall of bladder or ureter
S. haemotobium may RARELY be found in the ____/____
what can this cause?
S. haemotobium may RARELY be found in the spinal cord/brain
seizures
paralysis
spinal cord inflammation
list the features of S. haematobium
in S. mansoni and S. japonicum, ___ are trapped in the walls of ____ & ___ veins
in S. mansoni and S. japonicum , ova are trapped in the walls of mesenteric & portal veins
the diagnosis of S. haemotobium is by detecting ____
the diagnosis of S. haemotobium is by detecting eggs in the urine
the diagnosis of S. mansoni and S. japonicum is by detecting ____
the diagnosis of S. mansoni and S. japonicum is by detecting eggs in the stool or rectal biopsy
describe prevention and control of Schistosomiasis
since the ova of S. mansoni and S. japonicum are trapped in the walls of ___ and ___ veins, it causes which 3 conditions?
since the ova of S. mansoni and S. japonicum are trapped in the walls of mesenteric and portal veins, it causes:
hepatosplenic inflammation
liver fibrosis
ultimately, portal HTN (varices and variceal bleeding)
