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T's Histopathology Y5 > Skin Pathology > Flashcards

Skin Pathology Flashcards

1
Q

what cells make up the epidermis

A

keratinocytes and sq epi cells

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2
Q

what are the layers of the epidermis

A 
corneum
lucidum
granulosum
spinosum
basale
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3
Q

what lies in the dermis

A

blood vessels, glands, follicles, nerves

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4
Q

changes in hyperkeratosis

A

inc s. corneum and inc keratin

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5
Q

parakeratosis

A

thickening of skin due to scratching

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6
Q

changes in acanthosis

A

inc s. spinosum

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7
Q

changes in acanthylosis

A

dec in adhesions between keratinocytes

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8
Q

what is spongiosis

A

intracellular oedema between keratinocytes

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9
Q

4 inflammatory patters

A

vesiculobullous - forms bulla
spongiotic - becomes oedematous
psoriaform - thickened
lichenoid - forms sheeny plaque

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10
Q

3 types of eczema/dermatitis

A

atopic
contact (TIV hypersensitivity)
suborrhoeic (inflam R to yeast)

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11
Q

acute changes in eczema/dermatitis

A

spongiosis, inflam infiltrate in dermis. dilated capi

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12
Q

chronic changes in eczema/dermatitis

A

acanthosis, crusting, scaling

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13
Q

presentation of psoriasis

A

well demarcated salmon-pink scaly plaques on knees, elbows and scalp

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14
Q

path of psoriasis

A

rapid turnover of keratinocytes -> thicker epidermis, S granulosum disappears
layer of parakeratosis on top

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15
Q

what are munro’s microabscesses

A

change seen in psoriasis

abscess (collection of neutrophils) in the s corneum due to the infiltration of neutrophils from papillary dermis

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16
Q

what nail changes might you see in psoriasis

A

pitting, oncholysis, subungual hyperkeratosis

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17
Q

how will lichen planus present

A

itchy, purple plaque and papules on wrists/arms

18
Q

mouth changes in lichen planus

A

wickham striae - white lines

19
Q

cell cahnges seen in lichen planus

A

hyperkeratosis with saw toothing of the rete ridges and basal cell deg

20
Q

how will erythema multiforme present

A

annular target lesions on hands/feet

21
Q

what are the main causes of erythema multiforme

A

inf - hsv/mycoplasma

drugs - SNAPP (sulphonamides, NSAIDs, allopurinol, penecillin, phenytoin)

22
Q

how will dermatitis herpetiformis present

A

itchy vesicles on the extensor surfaces of elbow/butt

23
Q

what condition is derm herpetiformis asso with

A

coeliac disease

24
Q

what mediated derm. herpetiformis

A

IgA - binds to basement memb -> subepidermal bulla

25
Q

what is the histology of derm. herpetiformis

A

microabsesses, subepidermal bulla, IgA deposits

26
Q

what is the path of bullous pemphigoid

A

IgG Abs bind to hemidesmosomes of BM -> deep bulla

27
Q

how will bullous pemphigoid present

A

large, deep bulla on an erythematous base

on the forearms/groin of elderly

28
Q

histopath of bullous pemphigoid

A

subepidermal bulla

linear IgG deposits

29
Q

what is the path of pemphigus vulgaris

A

IgG Abs bind to hemidesmosomal prot -> superficial bulla

30
Q

how will pemphigus vulgaris present

A

bulla are intraepidermal (easily rupture)

found on skin and mucous memb

31
Q

what is the histo finding in pemphigus vulgaris

A

intercellular IgG deposits

32
Q

how will suborrhoeic keratosis present

A

waxy, stuck on plaques

33
Q

how will bowes disease present

A

flat, red, scaly patches on sun exposed areas

basement memb intact

34
Q

what are the risks of bowens disease

A

premalig for SCC

35
Q

when does bowens disease become SCC

A

once the cancer invades the basement memb

36
Q

how will a basal cell c present

A

pearly surface with rolled edges

telegiectasia

37
Q

where will Basal cell C metastasize to

A

does no metastasize

38
Q

how will a malig melanoma present

A

irreg border, variable pigment, itchy, bleeding, growing

39
Q

how will a malig melanoma grow

A

radial then vertical growth [hase

40
Q

how is a malig melanoma staged

A

breslow thickness

T's Histopathology Y5 (22 decks)

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