Cerebral Pathology Flashcards
most common artery affected in a stroke
MCA
sympto of MCA stroke
contralat weakness and sensory loss of face + arm, eye deviation toward side of lesion, aphasia/neglect
sympto of ACA stroke
contralat leg pariesis, sensory loss, cog defects
sympto of PCA stroke
contralat hemianopia/quadrantenopia, sensory loss, amnesia, dec conciousness
what is the treatment for stroke
aspirin +/- dypyrimadole
thrombolytics if <3hrs from event
long term = Treat HTN, dec lipids, anticoag
what is the investigation of choice for stroke
CT/MRI
what is the investigation of choice for TIA
carotid USS
most common cause of intraperenchymal haemorrhage
50% due to HTN
most common site for intreperencymal haemorrhage
basal ganglia
most common cause of subarachnoid haemorrhage
ruptured berry aneurisms at internal carotid bifurcation
symtpo of subarachnoid H
thuderclap haedache, N&V, LoC
presentation of extradural H
skull frac -> ruptured middel meningeal a -> lucid interval then LoC
presentation of subdural H
prev Hx of minor trauma, slow venous bleed -> fluctuating conciousness
CSF findings in pyrogenic inf
-> turbid CSF w/ polymorphs
dec glucose, inc protein, bac on smear
CSF findings in TB inf
fibrin web in CSF, mononuc lymphocytes, dec gluc, inc prot
CSF findings in viral inf
-> clear CSF w/ mononuc lympphocytes, N/inc pro, no bac on smear
what cancers commonly metastasis to the brain
lung/Breast/MM
most common primary brain tumour
astrocytoma
brain tumour associated with NFII
meningioma
brain tumour to suspect if ventricular tumour with hydrocephalus
ependymoma
common childhood brain cancer
pilocystic astrocytoma
brain tumour buzzwords - soft/gelatinous/calcified
oligodendroma
