Pancreas and Gall Bladder Pathology Flashcards
Causes of acute panc
= acute inflam in response to aberrant release of panc enz
Causes = IGETSMASHED
idiopathic, gallstones, ethanol, trauma, steroids, mumps/malig, AI, scorpion sting, hypercal, ERCP, drugs
what drugs in particular cause acute panc
thiazides
3 types of acute panc and their causes
periductal inj - due to obs cause (stones/malig/trauma) -> necrosis of acxinar cells near duct
perilobular ing - due to ischaemic cause (shock/hypothermia) -> necrosis at edge of lobules
Panlobular = mix of both
what are the potential complications of acute pancreatitis
pancreatic - pseudocyst, abscess
systemic - hypogly, hypocal, shock
associating of calcium and acute panc
hypercal -> acute panc-> hypocal
most common cause of chronic panc
alcohol
histo changes in chronic panc
chronic inflam with perenchymal fibrosis and loss of perenchyma
complications of chronic panc
malabs, DM, psudocysts
what finding characterizes AI panc
increase IgG4 +ve plasma cells
most common pancreatic tumour
ductal carcinoma (85%)
what mutation is associated with pancreatic ductal carcinomas
K-Ras
what lesion is associated with panc ductal carcinomas and where do they arise from
arise from dysplasic ductal lesions (panIN lesion)
most common site for panc tumours and the presentations
60% = at head of panc -> painless jaundice
what type of cancer are panc tumours
most commonly adenocarcinomas (form mucin sec glands)
complications of panc tumours
invade adjacent structures
chronic panc
