Neurodegenerative Disease

Question 1

what is aphasia

Answer 1

language disorder - may be expressive or receptive

Question 2

what is apraxia

Answer 2

loss of ability to carry out learnt purposeful tasks

Question 3

what is agnosia

Answer 3

loss of ability to recognise things/people

Question 4

what causes dementia

Answer 4

intra/extracellular accumuation of misfolded proteins

Question 5

what is the pathological protein in alzheimers

Answer 5

Tau/B-amyloid

Question 6

what is the pathological protein in lewy body D

Answer 6

alpha-synuclein/ ubiquitin

Question 7

what forms of dementia involve the tau protein

Answer 7

alzheimers
corticobasal deg
Chr 17 linked frontotemporal dem
Picks disease

Question 8

histo of alzheimers

Answer 8

generalised atrophy of brain, widened sulci, narrow gyri, enlarged ventricles

Question 9

how is alzheimers diagnosed

Answer 9

PET/MRI scan
senile B-amyloid plaques
neurofibrillary tangles of tau prot

Question 10

what is the treatment for alzheimers

Answer 10

Tx = symptomatic

anticholinesterases, nAChR ago, glutamate antag

Question 11

sympto of lewy body dementia

Answer 11

fluctuating cognition, visual halucinations, early dementia

Question 12

what is the main component of lewy body dementia

Answer 12

alpha synuclein prot

Question 13

what causes idiopathic parkisons disease

Answer 13

dec stim of motor cortex by basal ganglia

Question 14

what are the symptoms of parkinsons

Answer 14

TRAP - tremor, rigidity, akinesia, postural instability

Question 15

what are the focal symptoms of MS

Answer 15

optic neuritis + poor coordination

20-40y

Question 16

what is the pathology for MS

Answer 16

MS plaques showing sharp margins of myelin loss

Question 17

what are the markers for MS

Answer 17

myelin basic prot

proteolipid protein