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Jason's MD2 Core Conditions > Skin Cancers > Flashcards

Skin Cancers Flashcards

1
Q

Non-melanoma skin cancer account for how many %?

A

98%

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2
Q

out of Non-melanoma skin cancers, how many are BCC? and SCC?

A

BCC: 67%
SCC: 31%

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3
Q

which skin cancer is most dangerous?

A

Melanomas

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4
Q

what is the most common skin cancer in Aus?

A

BCC

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5
Q

skin cancer directly related to?

A

UV exposure

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6
Q

SCC comes from which cells?

A

keratinocyte dysplasia

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7
Q

what is Bowen’s disease?

A

SCC in situ

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8
Q

SCC symptoms?

A

tender to touch

usu. freely moving

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9
Q

SCC growth timeline?

A

over weeks/months

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10
Q

SCCs more or less dangerous and common that BCC?

A

more dangerous

less common

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11
Q

where do you find SCCs usually?

A

chronic sun exposed sites

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12
Q

risk factor for SCC besides sun exposure?

A

smoking

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13
Q

where does SCCs like to be?

A 
back of hands
ears
lips
legs
head
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14
Q

where does SCCs like to be?

A 
back of hands
ears
lips
legs
head
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15
Q

who else is susceptible to SCCs besides chronic sun exposure ppl?

A

immunosuppressed ppl

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16
Q

treatments for SCC?

A

surgical excision

radiotherapy

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17
Q

what does BCC look like?

A

pearly nodule with central ulceration

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18
Q

what is around the BCC usually?

A

telangiectasia

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19
Q

where do BCCs happen?

A

in areas of sporadic ‘binge’ sun: big burn areas

Head, Face, Neck, Trunk

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20
Q

BCCs invasive? metastatic?

A

locally invasive

rarely metastasize

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21
Q

BCCs painful or tender?

A

Not so much

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22
Q

what is a red flag for BCCs?

A

bleeding from nodule

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23
Q

what does the superficial BCC present as?

A

solitary red plaque not responding to topical treatment

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24
Q

how to treat nodular/infiltrating BCCs?

A

surgery

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25
how to treat superficial BCCs?
surgery topical imiquimod photodynamic therapy serial curettage
26
what is Actinic Keratoses? where? tender?
solar keratoses "sun spots" scaly lesions on dorsum of hands Not tender
27
Actinic Keratoses dangerous?
rarely progress to invasive SCC
28
what is the red flag for Actinic Keratoses?
growing hyperkeratotic tender nodule means it's transforming into SCC
29
Actinic Keratoses treatment?
Cryotherapy topical surgery
30
Bowen's disease affects how much of skin? AKA?
full thickness | AKA SCC in situ
31
Bowen's disease affects how much of skin? AKA?
``` full thickness (non invasive SCC) AKA SCC in situ ```
32
what age do you usually stop getting new naevi?
Age 40
33
all pigmented lesions from melanocytes?
Nope, can be pigmented BCC, AK
34
the moles you're born with are called?
congenital naevi
35
which congenital naevi worry?
large ones that may transform | cosmesis
36
bening junctional naevi colour and size? where?
uniform colour
37
where are benign compound naevi found skin layers wise?
both epidermis and dermis
38
hair in benign compound naevi ?
yes and no
39
colour of benign compound naevi ?
even colour
40
benign intradermal naevi colour?
paler, skin coloured
41
describe benign moles?
``` small regular uniform colour regular edges symmetrical don't change with time ```
42
freckles induced by?
sun induced pigmentation
43
freckles due to?
melanin not melanocytes
44
what are lentigines? who? grows?
sun-induced pigmented macules middle aged ppl static in size
45
who gets seborrhoeic keratoses? appearance? grows?
older ppl warty 'stuck on' appearance larger with time
46
pigmented seborrhoeic keratosis malignant?
nope
47
describe a dysplastic naevi?
larger >5mm 2 or more colours irregular borders
48
dysplastic naevi malignant?
Nope
49
2/3 melanomas arise out of?
normal skin | NOT preexisting naevi
50
should we excise dysplastic naevi prophylactically?
Nope unless looks suspicious
51
risk factors of melanoma?
``` More than 5 dysplastic naevi more than 100 tpical naevi blistering sunburns immunosuppression red hair blue eyes ```
52
risk factors of melanoma?
``` More than 5 dysplastic naevi more than 100 tpical naevi blistering sunburns immunosuppression red hair blue eyes ```
53
where do men and women get melanomas?
Men: trunk head, neck Women: Legs
54
ABCDE of naevi?
``` asymmetry border irregularity colour variation diameter (>5mm) evolution (change trumps everything) ```
55
melanomas need to be >5mm for concern?
Nope, early evolution can be smaller.
56
2 things that trump dx for melanoma?
new lesion | changing naevus
57
most common melanoma?
superficial spreading melanoma (SSM)
58
what is lentigo maligna?
melanoma in situ, not into dermis
59
what is the worst prognostic kind of melanoma?
nodular melanoma
60
what is Acral lentiginous melanoma?
on hands and feet | in-situ
61
Nodular melanoma fulfill ABCDE?
Nope | rapid growth and early invasion
62
who has nodular melanomas?
older males
63
melanoma characteristics? EFG?
elevated firm growing
64
red flags for melanoma?
new changing bleeding irritating/changing
65
Non melanoma skin cancer lesions occur separately?
Nope, can be on the same patient at same time
66
how to confirm Non melanoma skin cancer lesions ?
punch biopsy | shave biopsy

Jason's MD2 Core Conditions (33 decks)

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