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Jason's MD2 Core Conditions > Skin Cancers > Flashcards

Skin Cancers Flashcards

1
Q

Non-melanoma skin cancer account for how many %?

A

98%

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2
Q

out of Non-melanoma skin cancers, how many are BCC? and SCC?

A

BCC: 67%
SCC: 31%

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3
Q

which skin cancer is most dangerous?

A

Melanomas

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4
Q

what is the most common skin cancer in Aus?

A

BCC

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5
Q

skin cancer directly related to?

A

UV exposure

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6
Q

SCC comes from which cells?

A

keratinocyte dysplasia

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7
Q

what is Bowen’s disease?

A

SCC in situ

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8
Q

SCC symptoms?

A

tender to touch

usu. freely moving

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9
Q

SCC growth timeline?

A

over weeks/months

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10
Q

SCCs more or less dangerous and common that BCC?

A

more dangerous

less common

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11
Q

where do you find SCCs usually?

A

chronic sun exposed sites

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12
Q

risk factor for SCC besides sun exposure?

A

smoking

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13
Q

where does SCCs like to be?

A 
back of hands
ears
lips
legs
head
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14
Q

where does SCCs like to be?

A 
back of hands
ears
lips
legs
head
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15
Q

who else is susceptible to SCCs besides chronic sun exposure ppl?

A

immunosuppressed ppl

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16
Q

treatments for SCC?

A

surgical excision

radiotherapy

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17
Q

what does BCC look like?

A

pearly nodule with central ulceration

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18
Q

what is around the BCC usually?

A

telangiectasia

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19
Q

where do BCCs happen?

A

in areas of sporadic ‘binge’ sun: big burn areas

Head, Face, Neck, Trunk

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20
Q

BCCs invasive? metastatic?

A

locally invasive

rarely metastasize

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21
Q

BCCs painful or tender?

A

Not so much

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22
Q

what is a red flag for BCCs?

A

bleeding from nodule

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23
Q

what does the superficial BCC present as?

A

solitary red plaque not responding to topical treatment

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24
Q

how to treat nodular/infiltrating BCCs?

A

surgery

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25
Q

how to treat superficial BCCs?

A

surgery
topical imiquimod
photodynamic therapy
serial curettage

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26
Q

what is Actinic Keratoses? where? tender?

A

solar keratoses “sun spots”
scaly lesions on dorsum of hands
Not tender

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27
Q

Actinic Keratoses dangerous?

A

rarely progress to invasive SCC

28
Q

what is the red flag for Actinic Keratoses?

A

growing hyperkeratotic
tender nodule

means it’s transforming into SCC

29
Q

Actinic Keratoses treatment?

A

Cryotherapy
topical
surgery

30
Q

Bowen’s disease affects how much of skin? AKA?

A

full thickness

AKA SCC in situ

31
Q

Bowen’s disease affects how much of skin? AKA?

A 
full thickness (non invasive SCC)
AKA SCC in situ
32
Q

what age do you usually stop getting new naevi?

A

Age 40

33
Q

all pigmented lesions from melanocytes?

A

Nope, can be pigmented BCC, AK

34
Q

the moles you’re born with are called?

A

congenital naevi

35
Q

which congenital naevi worry?

A

large ones that may transform

cosmesis

36
Q

bening junctional naevi colour and size? where?

A

uniform colour

37
Q

where are benign compound naevi found skin layers wise?

A

both epidermis and dermis

38
Q

hair in benign compound naevi ?

A

yes and no

39
Q

colour of benign compound naevi ?

A

even colour

40
Q

benign intradermal naevi colour?

A

paler, skin coloured

41
Q

describe benign moles?

A 
small
regular uniform colour
regular edges
symmetrical
don't change with time
42
Q

freckles induced by?

A

sun induced pigmentation

43
Q

freckles due to?

A

melanin not melanocytes

44
Q

what are lentigines? who? grows?

A

sun-induced pigmented macules
middle aged ppl
static in size

45
Q

who gets seborrhoeic keratoses? appearance? grows?

A

older ppl
warty ‘stuck on’ appearance
larger with time

46
Q

pigmented seborrhoeic keratosis malignant?

A

nope

47
Q

describe a dysplastic naevi?

A

larger >5mm
2 or more colours
irregular borders

48
Q

dysplastic naevi malignant?

A

Nope

49
Q

2/3 melanomas arise out of?

A

normal skin

NOT preexisting naevi

50
Q

should we excise dysplastic naevi prophylactically?

A

Nope unless looks suspicious

51
Q

risk factors of melanoma?

A 
More than 5  dysplastic naevi
more than 100 tpical naevi
blistering sunburns
immunosuppression
red hair blue eyes
52
Q

risk factors of melanoma?

A 
More than 5  dysplastic naevi
more than 100 tpical naevi
blistering sunburns
immunosuppression
red hair blue eyes
53
Q

where do men and women get melanomas?

A

Men: trunk head, neck
Women: Legs

54
Q

ABCDE of naevi?

A 
asymmetry
border irregularity
colour variation
diameter (>5mm)
evolution (change trumps everything)
55
Q

melanomas need to be >5mm for concern?

A

Nope, early evolution can be smaller.

56
Q

2 things that trump dx for melanoma?

A

new lesion

changing naevus

57
Q

most common melanoma?

A

superficial spreading melanoma (SSM)

58
Q

what is lentigo maligna?

A

melanoma in situ, not into dermis

59
Q

what is the worst prognostic kind of melanoma?

A

nodular melanoma

60
Q

what is Acral lentiginous melanoma?

A

on hands and feet

in-situ

61
Q

Nodular melanoma fulfill ABCDE?

A

Nope

rapid growth and early invasion

62
Q

who has nodular melanomas?

A

older males

63
Q

melanoma characteristics? EFG?

A

elevated
firm
growing

64
Q

red flags for melanoma?

A

new
changing
bleeding
irritating/changing

65
Q

Non melanoma skin cancer lesions occur separately?

A

Nope, can be on the same patient at same time

66
Q

how to confirm Non melanoma skin cancer lesions ?

A

punch biopsy

shave biopsy

Jason's MD2 Core Conditions (33 decks)

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