Breast Disease Flashcards
Important questions on family history for breast cancer
Male breast cancer
materal vs. paternal
bilateral breast cancer?
other cancers that matter?
Prostate: BRCA2
Ovarian: BRCA1
Familial gastric cancer
what race/population more at risk of breast cancer?
Eastern Europe Jewish population ashkenazi
why is breast cancer less risk with breast tissue?
exposure to estrogen and pregnant makes breast tissue more differentiated, less likely to be become malignant
2 physiological conditions that cause more estrogen.
pregnancy
obesity
2 conclusions at end of examination
normal
not sure if malignant
breast screening ages in Australia?
50-75 mammography every 2 years
Investigations for a 37 year old, and found a lump?
Ultrasound
Mammogram
likely dx for a young female who finds a lump
Cyst
fibroadenoma
area of fibrocystic changes
aspirating a cyst, dangerous when fluid is?
if cyst fluid is bloody
types of biopsy?
incisional excision FNA Core 'liquid' (not available yet)
breast cancer metastasize most common place first?
bone»lung»liver»brain
bone scans for staging for breast cancer?
usually not if they are asymptomatic
5 treatments for breast cancer?
biologics surgery endocrine therapies (selective estrogen antagonists) radiotherapy chemotherapies
why mastectomy if someone is BRCA carrier?
risk of a new primary
don’t want to irradiate if what condition?
scleroderma
why won’t you irradiate someone?
if they’ve had radiation before in the area
role of axillary surgery?
- to biopsy it and prognosis
- guiding management
- prevent spread (local control)
- treat spread
sentinel node hypthesis
that drainage of a certain area must go through this node
more info for breast cancer after excision?
endocrine sensitive?
HER2 amplification
immunohistochemistry
if over 35, and planning to have a family? what will be problems?
fertility: hemo, rad, herceptin will affect
Ovum and embryo stored
chemo do what to ovaries?
induces menopause
if wants preg and still on therapy?
need hiatus in endocrine treatment, usually 5-10 years
Best lifestyle things to prevent reoccurrence?
exercise and no smoking
When is young age of breast cancer?
under 50
particularly under 40
